| 洞庭湖流域碳收支平衡与碳补偿功能分区 |
| 摘要点击 274 全文点击 46 投稿时间：2024-07-14 修订日期：2024-09-19 |
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| 中文关键词 碳收支 碳补偿 县域单元 功能分区 洞庭湖流域 |
| 英文关键词 carbon balance carbon offset county space functional zoning Dongting Lake Basin |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202407145 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 核算碳收支确定碳补偿功能分区,对实现区域低碳发展,推动“双碳”战略具有重要意义. 以洞庭湖流域200个县域单元为研究对象,对流域的碳收支进行了系统评估,并在此基础上,提出了碳补偿功能分区的策略. 结果表明：①20 a来洞庭湖流域碳排放总体呈上升趋势,由2000年132×106 t增加至2020年的499×106 t,而碳吸收总体维持在200×106 t左右；空间分布上洞庭湖流域碳排放呈现明显的“东高西低”分布格局,碳吸收则与向北开口地势格局基本相符. ②洞庭湖流域碳压力整体呈持续增加趋势,表明该流域碳收支失衡风险趋于增强,并在空间上呈现出“东高西低,北高南低”的空间分布格局. 进一步对比碳压力重心和经济重心,可以发现在经济重心和碳压力重心在空间区位上非常靠近,而两者的运动轨迹在纬度上呈现出相背离的状态,表明碳压力与区域经济发展之间既存在某种空间耦合关系,又表现出某种程度的分异特征. ③20 a来洞庭湖流域低碳开发区和高碳源优化区不断收缩,碳汇功能区和碳源控制区不断增加,表明洞庭湖流域碳汇生态功能不断弱化. 进一步结合转移方向可以发现,碳功能分区主要呈现“低碳开发区→碳汇功能区”和“高碳优化区→碳源控制区”的转移路径,而碳补偿分区均呈现受偿区向支付区转变趋势. 未来应实施差异化的低碳发展战略,建立跨县（区）的碳补偿制度,推动区域生态环境协同治理和高质量发展. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Accounting for carbon revenues and expenditures and determining functional zoning for carbon compensation are crucial for achieving regional low-carbon development and advancing the “dual-carbon” strategy. This study focuses on 200 county units in the Dongting Lake Basin, systematically evaluating the basin's carbon income and expenditure, and proposes strategies for functional zoning of carbon compensation. The findings are as follows： ① Over the past 20 years, carbon emissions in the Dongting Lake Basin have shown an overall upward trend, increasing from 132 million tons in 2000 to 499 million tons in 2020, while carbon absorption has remained relatively stable at around 200 million tons. Spatially, carbon emissions in the Dongting Lake Basin exhibited a distinct “higher in the east, lower in the west” distribution pattern, whereas carbon absorption aligned closely with the terrain's opening towards the north. ② The overall trend of carbon pressure in the Dongting Lake Basin has been increasing, indicating a growing risk of carbon imbalance. The spatial distribution of carbon pressure showed a pattern of “high in the east, low in the west, high in the north, and low in the south.” Further comparison between the center of gravity of carbon pressure and the center of gravity of the economy revealed that their spatial locations were very close, yet their trajectories diverged latitudinally, indicating a spatial coupling relationship between carbon pressure and regional economic development, as well as a degree of differentiation. ③ Over the past 20 years, the low-carbon development zones and high-carbon source optimization zones in the Dongting Lake Basin have been shrinking, while the carbon sink functional zones and carbon source control zones have been expanding. This indicates a weakening of the ecological function of carbon sinks in the Dongting Lake Basin. Analysis of the transfer direction revealed that carbon function zoning mainly followed the paths of “low-carbon development zone → carbon sink functional area” and “high-carbon optimization area → carbon source control area,” while carbon compensation zoning showed a trend of shifting from compensation areas to payment areas. In the future, a differentiated low-carbon development strategy should be implemented, and a cross-county （district） carbon compensation system should be established to promote synergistic regional ecological and environmental governance and high-quality development. |
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