| 黄河中游地区生态敏感性时空分异特征 |
| 摘要点击 129 全文点击 9 投稿时间：2024-06-08 修订日期：2024-09-12 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 黄河中游 生态敏感性 时空分异 空间距离指数法 空间自相关 地理探测器 |
| 英文关键词 the middle reaches of the Yellow River ecological sensitivity spatio-temporal differentiation spatial distance index spatial autocorrelation geographic detector |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 黄河中游生境脆弱，是黄河流域生态问题最为突出的地区之一. 开展黄河中游生态敏感性研究，可为区域生态系统修复与保护提供参考. 根据区域实际情况，选取水土流失、土地沙化和生物多样性这3个生态敏感性指数，运用空间距离指数法构建综合生态敏感性指数，借助空间自相关分析、格网编码分析及地理探测器探究2005~2020年黄河中游地区生态敏感性的时空分异特征及驱动因子. 结果表明：①2005~2020年黄河中游综合生态敏感性具有明显的空间分异性，总体上呈“西北高、东南低”的分布格局. 从时间上看，黄河中游综合生态敏感性指数平均值从2005年的6.854持续下降至2020年的6.350，区域生态敏感性降低. ②2005~2020年黄河中游综合生态敏感性具有显著的空间正相关性，空间聚集性较强. 然而，随着时间的推移，空间聚集性逐渐减弱. ③2005~2020年黄河中游综合生态敏感性整体变动较小，变动0次和1次的区域面积占总面积的70.79%；生态敏感性有所升高的区域主要位于关中平原和豫西北地区，长期保持高值敏感状态的区域主要位于泾河流域北部、无定河流域和鄂尔多斯高原东北部，未来需重点关注这些地区. ④植被覆盖度是黄河中游综合生态敏感性空间分异的主要驱动因子，生物丰度指数是次要因子. 总体上看，黄河中游地区综合生态敏感性逐渐降低，生态环境改善. 研究可为黄河中游地区生态系统保护及高质量发展提供借鉴. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The fragile habitat in the middle reaches of the Yellow River is one of the most prominent ecological problems in the Yellow river basin. The study of ecological sensitivity in the middle reaches of the Yellow River can provide a reference for the restoration and protection of the regional ecosystem. Three ecological sensitivity indexes were selected based on the actual situation of the region： soil and water loss， land desertification， and biodiversity. The spatial distance index method was used to construct a comprehensive ecological sensitivity index. The spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics and driving factors of ecological sensitivity within the middle reaches of the Yellow River from 2005 to 2020 were explored through spatial autocorrelation analysis， grid coding analysis， and geographic detector. The results showed that：① The comprehensive ecological sensitivity of the middle reaches of the Yellow River from 2005 to 2020 had obvious spatial differentiation， showing a distribution pattern of “high in the northwest and low in the southeast.” In terms of time， the average comprehensive ecological sensitivity index of the middle reaches of the Yellow River continued to decrease from 6.854 in 2005 to 6.350 in 2020， and the regional ecological sensitivity decreased. ② From 2005 to 2020， the comprehensive ecological sensitivity of the middle reaches of the Yellow River had a significant spatial positive correlation and strong spatial aggregation. However， over time， the spatial aggregation gradually weakened. ③ From 2005 to 2020， the overall change of comprehensive ecological sensitivity in the middle reaches of the Yellow River was small， and the regional area with 0 and 1 changes accounted for 70.79% of the total area. The areas with increased ecological sensitivity were mainly located in the Guanzhong Plain and the northwest of Henan Province. The areas that had maintained a high-value sensitivity for a long period were moxtly located in the northern part of the Jinghe river basin， Wuding river basin， and the northeast of the Ordos Plateau. These areas require special attention in the future. ④ Fractional vegetation coverage was the main driving factor for the spatial differentiation of comprehensive ecological sensitivity in the middle reaches of the Yellow River， and the biological richness index was the secondary factor. Altogther， the comprehensive ecological sensitivity in the middle reaches of the Yellow River gradually decreased， and the ecological environment improved. This study can provide a reference for ecosystem protection and high-quality development in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. |
