| 基于遥感生态指数的内蒙古生态环境质量时空演化及生态管理分区 |
| 摘要点击 123 全文点击 8 投稿时间：2024-05-30 修订日期：2024-08-28 |
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| 中文关键词 生态环境质量 遥感生态指数（RSEI） 谷歌地球引擎（GEE） 生态管理分区 内蒙古 |
| 英文关键词 ecological environment quality remote sensing ecological index （RSEI） Google Earth Engine（GEE） ecological management zoning Inner Mongolia |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 内蒙古是我国北方重要的生态安全屏障，研究其生态环境质量的时空演化并进行生态管理分区，对于推进生态环境管理与发展具有重要意义. 基于GEE云平台，利用2000~2023年MODIS遥感影像数据提取热度、绿度、干度和湿度这4个指标，通过主成分分析方法构建遥感生态指数模型（RSEI），结合CV变异系数、Sen + Mann-Kendall和Hurst指数，分析了内蒙古地区的生态环境质量时空变化及未来趋势，并利用地理探测器探讨了其影响机制，且基于人类活动强度和生态环境质量采用象限法进行生态管理分区. 结果表明：①2000~2023年内蒙古地区的生态环境质量主要以差、较差和一般为主，空间上呈现由东向西递减分布趋势；内蒙古地区在2000~2005年经历退化，之后生态环境质量缓慢改善. ②内蒙古地区不显著改善和不显著退化区域面积最广，整体环境质量较稳定，但西部地区生态系统较脆弱、易发生波动，且未来变化趋势中持续退化与持续改善面积较大，西部地区预计成为未来改善的主要区域. ③单因子探测结果显示：对RSEI值的影响力由大到小为降水、土壤类型、土地利用类型、气温、植被类型、高程、人口密度、GDP和夜间灯光；各驱动因子对RSEI变化的交互作用均呈现双因子或者非线性的增强，说明各驱动因子交互作用可以提高生态环境质量空间分异的解释力. ④基于人类活动强度和生态环境质量的耦合，将内蒙古12个盟市分为生态发展协调区、生态发展保护区和生态发展风险区. 研究可为内蒙古地区生态环境保护和可持续发展提供科学依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Inner Mongolia serves as a crucial ecological security barrier for northern China. Examining the spatial and temporal evolution of ecological environment quality， along with the zoning for ecological management， is crucial for enhancing the management and development of ecological environments. Based on the Google Earth Engine cloud platform， four indicators—heat， greenness， dryness， and wetness—were extracted from MODIS remote sensing image data spanning 2000 to 2023. The remote sensing ecological index （RESI） model was constructed using principal component analysis. By combining the coefficient of variation （CV）， Sen + Mann-Kendall， and Hurst indices， the spatial and temporal variations and future trends of ecological environmental quality of the Inner Mongolia were analyzed. The influencing mechanisms were explored using a geographical detector， and the quadrant method was employed for ecological management zoning based on the intensity of human activities and the quality of the ecological environment. The results indicated that： ① The ecological environment quality of Inner Mongolia from 2000 to 2023 was mainly characterized as poor to average， with a spatial trend of decreasing quality from east to west. From 2000 to 2005， Inner Mongolia experienced environmental degradation， followed by a gradual improvement in ecological environment quality. ② Inner Mongolia exhibited the largest area of non-significantly improved and non-significantly degraded regions， and the overall environmental quality was more stable. However， ecosystems in the western region were more fragile and prone to fluctuations. The area of sustained degradation versus sustained improvement in the future trend of change was larger， and the western region is expected to be the main area of improvement in the future. ③ The results of single-factor detection showed that the influences on RSEI values were， in descending order， precipitation， soil type， land use type， air temperature， vegetation type， elevation， population density， GDP， and nighttime lighting； the interactions among driving factors on RSEI changes showed a bivariate or nonlinear enhancement， which suggests that the interactions of each driving factor could improve the explanatory power of spatial variations in ecological environment quality. ④ Based on the coupling of human activity intensity and ecological environment quality， the 12 league cities of Inner Mongolia were divided into ecological development coordination zones， ecological development reserves， and ecological development risk zones. This study can provide a scientific basis for ecological environmental protection and sustainable development in Inner Mongolia. |
