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食用豆土壤健康评价方法优化构建及应用
摘要点击 98  全文点击 2  投稿时间:2024-06-05  修订日期:2024-08-28
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中文关键词  食用豆  主成分分析(PCA)  网络分析(NWA)  最小数据集(MDS)  综合健康指数(IHI)  内梅罗质量指数(NQI)
英文关键词  edible bean  principal component analysis (PCA)  network analysis (NWA)  minimum data set (MDS)  integrated health index (IHI)  Nemerow quality index (NQI)
作者单位E-mail
张凯璐 宁波大学地理与空间信息技术系, 宁波 315211
宁波大学植物病毒学研究所, 省部共建农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 宁波 315211 
13294663208@163.com 
徐雪斌 宁波大学植物病毒学研究所, 省部共建农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 宁波 315211 xuxuebin@nbu.edu.cn 
颜珲璘 青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室, 西宁 810016  
刘琼 宁波大学植物病毒学研究所, 省部共建农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 宁波 315211  
魏亮 宁波大学植物病毒学研究所, 省部共建农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 宁波 315211  
葛体达 宁波大学植物病毒学研究所, 省部共建农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 宁波 315211  
中文摘要
      食用豆在健康膳食结构、人类健康和土壤改良方面发挥着积极作用,科学合理地评估其种植土壤健康状况对于实现食用豆的绿色丰产和提质增效具有重要意义. 以全国食用豆主产区土壤为研究对象,采集0~20 cm深度的土样并测量了27项反映土壤物理、化学和生物特性的土壤指标. 选取了主成分分析(PCA)和网络分析(NWA)两种方法获取最小数据集,结合线性评分(L)和非线性评分(NL)两种标准化方法以及综合健康指数(IHI)和内梅罗质量指数(NQI)两种整合方法,构建了8种土壤健康评价方法,并计算出相应的土壤健康指数(SHI). 通过与全量数据集构建的SHI进行相关性分析和变异程度比较(敏感性分析),结合SHI与土壤有机碳(SOC)和产量的线性拟合效果,筛选出最适合食用豆主产区土壤的健康评价方法,并评估其健康状况. 结果表明:①基于NWA获得的最小数据集构建的4种SHI(L-IHI、NL-IHI、L-NQI和NL-NQI)与全量数据集构建的SHI相关性(r>0.8)均高于PCA(0.6<r<0.8),更能反映整体土壤健康状况;②基于NWA构成的4种SHI的变异程度(60%~70%)远高于全量数据集和PCA构成的SHI变异程度(20%~40%),说明其在评价全国食用豆产区土壤健康时具有更高的敏感性;③基于NWA构成的4种SHI中,L-IHI与产量和SOC线性拟合效果最佳,表明NWA-L-IHI是评价全国食用豆主产区土壤健康的最优方法;④依据NWA-L-IHI方法对全国食用豆主产区土壤进行健康评价,结果显示亚热带和暖温带区域的土壤健康水平普遍高于中温带区域. 其中,云和闽主产区土壤健康水平较高(SHI>0.2),而陕、晋、冀和内蒙古等省(自治区)的主产区土壤健康状况较差(0.05<SHI<0.15). 研究结果明确了不同地区的土壤健康状况,可为土壤管理提供科学依据. 通过施肥和提供有机覆盖物等适当的养分管理,可以解决氮磷元素和微量营养素缺乏的问题,各省份也可通过发掘当地适宜的食用豆种植模式改善土壤健康.
英文摘要
      Edible beans play a significant role in healthy dietary structures, human health, and soil improvement. Scientifically and reasonably assessing the health status of the soil where they are cultivated is crucial for achieving green, high-yield, and high-quality production. This study focused on soils from major edible bean-producing areas across the country, collecting soil samples from 0-20 cm depth and measuring 27 indicators reflecting soil physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. Principal component analysis (PCA) and network analysis (NWA) were used to obtain the minimum data set, combined with linear scoring (L) and nonlinear scoring (NL) standardization methods, as well as the integrated health index (IHI) and Nemerow quality index (NQI) integration methods, to construct eight soil health assessment methods and calculate the corresponding soil health index (SHI). By comparing the SHI constructed from the full dataset through correlation and sensitivity analyses and combining the linear fitting results of SHI with soil organic carbon (SOC) and yield, the most suitable soil health assessment method for the major edible bean-producing areas was selected, and the soil health status was evaluated. The results indicated: ① The four SHIs (L-IHI, NL-IHI, L-NQI, and NL-NQI) based on the minimum data set obtained by NWA showed a higher correlation (r>0.8) with the SHI constructed from the full dataset than those based on PCA (0.6<r<0.8), better reflecting overall soil health status. ② The variation degree of the four SHIs based on NWA (60%-70%) was much higher than that of the SHI constructed from the full dataset and PCA (20%-40%), indicating higher sensitivity for evaluating soil health in major edible bean-producing areas nationwide. ③ Among the four SHIs based on NWA, L-IHI showed the best linear fitting results with yield and SOC, indicating that NWA-L-IHI is the optimal method for evaluating soil health in major edible bean-producing areas. ④ According to the NWA-L-IHI method for evaluating soil health in major edible bean-producing areas nationwide, the results showed that the soil health level in subtropical and warm temperate regions was generally higher than that in mid-temperate regions. The soil health level in major producing areas in Yunnan and Fujian provinces was relatively high (SHI>0.2), whereas the soil health status in major producing areas in Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, and Inner Mongolia provinces (autonomous regions) was relatively poor (0.05<SHI<0.15). The study results clarified the soil health status in different regions, providing a scientific basis for soil management. Appropriate nutrient management, such as fertilization and providing organic cover, can address the deficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, and micronutrients, and each province can also improve soil health by exploring locally suitable edible bean planting patterns.

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