| 半干旱-亚湿润干旱区樟子松林地土壤真菌群落随林龄增长的演变 |
| 摘要点击 1489 全文点击 64 投稿时间：2024-05-15 修订日期：2024-08-01 |
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| 中文关键词 不同气候区 土壤真菌群落 功能群 林龄 环境因子 |
| 英文关键词 different climatic regions soil fungal community functional group stand age environmental factor |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 张英 | 北京林业大学水土保持学院, 北京 100083
林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心, 北京 100083 | zhangying@bjfu.edu.cn | | 曹红雨 | 北京林业大学水土保持学院, 北京 100083 | | | 赵珮杉 | 北京林业大学水土保持学院, 北京 100083 | | | 任悦 | 北京林业大学水土保持学院, 北京 100083 | | | 丁国栋 | 北京林业大学水土保持学院, 北京 100083
宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 盐池 751500
林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室, 北京 100083
水土保持国家林业和草原局重点实验室, 北京 100083 | | | 高广磊 | 北京林业大学水土保持学院, 北京 100083
林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心, 北京 100083
宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 盐池 751500
林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室, 北京 100083
水土保持国家林业和草原局重点实验室, 北京 100083 | gaoguanglei@bjfu.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为阐明半干旱-亚湿润干旱区樟子松林地土壤真菌群落结构与功能群特征，以毛乌素沙地、呼伦贝尔沙地和科尔沁沙地不同林龄樟子松林（Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica）土壤真菌为研究对象，通过野外调查取样采集中林龄、近熟林和成熟林土壤样品，采用高通量测序和土壤理化分析等实验方法，结合主成分分析、典范对应分析等数据分析方法，分析土壤真菌群落组成和功能群及其影响因素. 结果表明：①不同气候区不同林龄樟子松土壤真菌群落α多样性指数无显著差异（P>0.05），但β多样性差异显著. ②在土壤真菌群落组成上，不同气候区樟子松天然林和各林龄人工林的菌门和菌属无明显差异. 不同气候区土壤腐生营养型、共生营养型和复合型营养型真菌在中林龄和近熟林有显著性差异（P<0.05），在成熟林无显著差异（P>0.05），但与天然林仍有显著差异（P<0.05）. ③土壤真菌功能群在不同尺度上受到的影响因素不同. 半干旱-亚湿润干旱区樟子松土壤真菌群落和功能群的主要驱动因子是日照时长、土壤含水量和总氮. 而不同气候区樟子松土壤真菌群落功能群的主要驱动因子不同. 对土壤腐生营养型和病理营养型真菌有极显著影响的是土壤养分（特别是土壤全钾、土壤有机质、土壤总氮）和气候因子（年均降雨量、年均日照时数），共生营养型受环境因子的影响较少，仅年均温对其有一定的影响. 土壤真菌不同功能群在樟子松引种后随林龄增长不断适应环境变化，群落组成从之前存在异质性到后期逐渐趋同. 研究结果可为不同气候区樟子松人工林科学管理提供理论依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To clarify the soil fungal community structure and functional groups associated with Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica in semi-arid and dry sub-humid regions， soil fungi of different ages of P. sylvestris var. mongolica forests in the Mu Us Desert， Hulunbuir Desert， and Horqin Desert were selected as the research objects. Through field investigation and sampling， soil samples of middle-aged， near-mature， and mature forests were collected， and experimental methods such as high-throughput sequencing and soil physical and chemical analysis were used， combined with data analysis methods such as principal component analysis and canonical correspondence analysis， to analyze the composition and functional groups of soil fungi communities and their influencing factors. The results show that： ① There was no significant difference in the α diversity index of the soil fungi community in different climatic regions （P>0.05）， but there was a significant difference in β diversity. ② There was no significant difference in the composition of the soil fungi community between natural forests and plantation forests of different ages in different climate zones. Soil fungi of the saprotrophic， symbiotrophic， and multi-trophic modes in different climatic regions had significant differences in middle and near-mature forests （P<0.05） and no significant differences in mature forests （P>0.05）， but there were still significant differences with natural forests （P<0.05）. ③ The functional groups of soil fungi were affected by different factors at different scales. Sunshine duration， soil water content， and total nitrogen were the main driving factors of soil fungal communities and functional groups in semi-arid and sub-humid regions of P.sylvestris forests. The main driving factors of soil fungal community functional groups were different in different climate zones. Soil nutrients （especially soil total potassium， soil organic matter， and soil total nitrogen） and climate factors （average annual rainfall and average annual sunshine duration） had significant effects on soil saprophytic and pathophytic fungi. The symbiotic fungi were less affected by environmental factors， and only average annual temperature had a certain effect on them. After introduction， different functional groups of soil fungi adapted to environmental changes with the growth of stand age， and the community composition gradually converged from the previous heterogeneity. The research results can provide theoretical basis for scientific management of P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantation in different climate regions. |
