| 水分管理耦合硫素对土壤镉砷活性降低的影响 |
| 摘要点击 1075 全文点击 66 投稿时间：2024-03-27 修订日期：2024-07-15 |
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| 中文关键词 水分管理 硫素 砷（As） 镉（Cd） 镉砷形态 |
| 英文关键词 water management sulfur fertilizer arsenic（As） cadmium（Cd） cadmium-arsenic forms |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 吴雨含 | 广西大学林学院, 广西森林生态与保育重点实验室, 亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室, 南宁 530004
中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | 19861602090@163.com | | 何磊 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | | | 朱捍华 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | | | 王聪 | 广西大学林学院, 广西森林生态与保育重点实验室, 亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室, 南宁 530004 | wangcuriel@foxmail.com | | 朱奇宏 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | | | 黄道友 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | | | 许超 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | | | 张泉 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | quanzhang@isa.ac.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为研究水分管理配施硫素对土壤镉（Cd）和砷（As）活性降低的协同作用，设置了淹水（F）、淹湿交替（FM）和湿润（M）这3种水分条件下配施5种含量梯度硫酸根（SO42-）和单质硫（S0）共30种处理. 结果表明，与不施加硫素处理（CK）相比，F处理下施加硫素显著降低土壤Cd提取态含量25.59%~35.56%；水分的增加促进交换态Cd向还原态Cd和可氧化态Cd转化. 在3种水分条件下施加S0使土壤As含量最大降低幅度依次为24.43%、19.65%和25.69%，施加SO42-仅在M条件下使土壤提取态As含量下降13.22%；并且专性吸附态砷含量随土壤含水量降低而降低，无定形铁锰氧化物结合态砷、结晶铁锰氧化物结合态砷含量随土壤含水量减少而增加. 本实验中F配施S0时土壤提取态Cd含量最低；M配施两种硫素时土壤提取态As含量均相对较低；当FM配施两种硫素时，土壤提取态Cd和As含量可同步保持在相对较低水平，且施加S0的效果强于施加SO42-. 根据相关性分析可知，土壤Cd和As含量与土壤酸碱度（pH）、络合铁（Fe-p）和游离氧化铁（Fe-d）含量显著相关，水分管理耦合硫素通过改变土壤氧化还原状态影响土壤pH值和铁的形态转化从而降低土壤Cd和As活性. 综上，对于Cd和As复合污染土壤可采取适当水分管理（淹湿交替）结合外源单质硫施加，通过调控土壤氧化还原电位（Eh）、pH和土壤铁赋存形态而降低土壤Cd和As生物有效性. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to study the synergistic effect of water management combined with sulfur application on the reduction of soil cadmium （Cd） and arsenic （As） activities， a total of 30 treatments were set up under three water conditions，namely， flooding （F）， alternate flooding and moist （FM）， and moist （M）， with five concentration gradients of sulfate （SO42-） and elemental sulfur （S0）. The results showed that compared with that under the non-sulfur treatment （CK）， the application of sulfur under the F treatment significantly reduced the content of soil Cd extracted by 25.59%-35.56%. The increase of moisture promoted the conversion of exchangeable Cd to reducible Cd and oxidizable Cd. Under the three water conditions and S0，the As content of soil was reduced by 24.43%，19.65%，and 25.69%，respectively，and the As content of the soil extracted state was reduced by 13.22% under the condition of SO42- and M. Moreover， the content of obligate adsorbed arsenic decreased with the decrease of soil moisture content， and the content of amorphous iron-manganese oxide-bound arsenic and crystalline iron-manganese oxide-bound arsenic increased with the decrease of soil moisture content. In this experiment， the content of Cd in the extracted state of soil was the lowest when F was combined with S0. The As content of soil extraction was relatively low when two kinds of sulfur were applied together. FM coupled with two kinds of sulfur fertilizer reduced the extractable cadmium and arsenic content in soil and remained at a relatively low level. Additionally， the effect of supplying S0 on the reduction of soil extractable Cd and As content was stronger than that of supplying SO42-. According to the correlation analysis， soil available Cd and As were significantly correlated with soil pH， complex iron oxide （Fe-p）， and free iron oxide （Fe-d）， which suggested that the coupling of sulfur in water management could reduce soil Cd and As activities via changing the soil pH and the transformation of iron morphological induced by the soil redox state. In summary， appropriate water management （alternating flooding and wetting） combined with exogenous elemental sulfur application can be adopted to reduce the availability of Cd and As in soil by regulating soil redox potential （Eh）， pH， and soil iron occurrence morphology for Cd and As-contaminated soils. |
