| 2000~2022年南水北调中线工程水源区植被覆盖度变化及其归因 |
| 摘要点击 211 全文点击 22 投稿时间：2024-06-27 修订日期：2024-08-05 |
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| 中文关键词 南水北调中线工程水源区（WSA-CSNWD） 植被覆盖度（FVC） 人类足迹 气象因素 生态环境保护与修复项目 |
| 英文关键词 water-source area of the central South-to-North Water Diversion （WSA-CSNWD） fractional vegetation coverage （FVC） human footprint data meteorological factors ecological environmental protection and restoration projects |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 南水北调中线工程水源区为中国国家战略性水源地和重要生态功能保护区,研究植被覆盖度（FVC）动态及其原因对于水源区生态环境保护与修复以及南水北调中线工程健康运行至关重要.利用2000~2022年MODIS NDVI数据,结合土地利用、气象、人类足迹和水体数据,采用趋势分析、相关分析、回归分析和统计分析等方法探究了水源区FVC时空变化动态及其原因.结果表明：①水源区为高植被覆盖区,2000~2022年水源区FVC整体呈现显著增加趋势,年均变化率为0.004 0 a-1.去除水域,水源区FVC显著增加的面积占比84.965%,主要分布在草灌和人类活动区,FVC显著减少的面积占比1.301%,主要集中在城镇区域；②地表温度和人类活动是水源区FVC变化的主要影响因素.在水源区FVC显著增加区域,人类足迹强度与FVC变化正相关,地表温度与FVC变化负相关,说明人类活动对FVC增加起促进作用,地表温度对FVC增加起抑制作用；③水源涵养、生态环境保护与修复项目的实施是水源区植被绿化的直接原因,在FVC显著增加区域,森林、草灌和农田的面积占比分别为45%、47%和4%.研究结果表明在温带半湿润的北亚热带季风气候区的水源区,人类土地利用管理是植被覆盖度变化的主要原因. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The water-source area of the central South-to-North Water Diversion （WSA-CSNWD） is a nationally strategic water source and an important ecological function protection area in China. Studying the dynamics and causes of fractional vegetation coverage （FVC） is crucial for the protection and restoration of the ecological environment in WSA-CSNWD, as well as for ensuring the successful operation of the central South-to-North Water Diversion project. By utilizing MODIS NDVI data from 2000 to 2022, combined with land use data, meteorological data, human footprint data, and water body data, this study employs trend analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and statistical analysis to explore the spatio-temporal dynamic changes of FVC in WSA-CSNWD and its underlying causes. The results indicate that： ① The WSA-CSNWD exhibited high vegetation cover with a significant increasing trend of FVC during 2000-2022 at an average annual growth rate of 0.004 0 per year. From 2000 to 2022, there was a significant decrease in FVC area within WSA-CSNWD accounting for 1.301%, primarily located in urban areas； meanwhile, there was a substantial increase in FVC area accounting for 84.965%, mainly distributed across grasslands and areas influenced by human activities. ② Surface temperature and human activities were identified as key factors influencing FVC change within WSA-CSNWD. In areas with significant increases in FVC, surface temperature exhibited a negative correlation with FVC change, while human footprint intensity showed a positive correlation with FVC change—indicating that human activities played an important role in promoting changes to vegetation coverage. ③ Human land use management, including water conservation, ecological environmental protection, and restoration projects, was identified as the primary driver behind vegetation greening in this area. Forests, grasslands, and farmlands accounted for 45%, 47%, and 4%, respectively, of areas where FVC significantly increased. These findings indicate that the observed increase in FVC was primarily attributed to human land use management practices, as WSA-CSNWD is located in a temperate subhumid North subtropical monsoon climate region and serves as both a nationally strategic water source and an important ecological function protection area in China. |
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