| 密云水库流域汛期水化学特征分析评价及其驱动力探析 |
| 摘要点击 284 全文点击 25 投稿时间：2024-05-16 修订日期：2024-07-11 |
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| 中文关键词 密云水库 水化学 水质评价 地理探测器 驱动因子 |
| 英文关键词 Miyun Reservoir water chemistry water quality evaluation geogdetector driving factor |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 密云水库是首都最重要的地表饮用水水源地,对保障首都供水安全具有重要意义.在密云水库流域汛期野外采集地表水样品39个,地下水样品16个,分析水化学特征并采用单因子评价法和内梅罗污染指数开展水质分析评价,应用地理探测器将水质指标和土地利用、气象和社会经济等空间数据进行空间分异分析.结果表明：①地表水和地下水水化学特征相似,采用主成分分析（PCA）可分别在地表水和地下水水化学离子中提取3个主成分因子,其来源主要受人类活动和岩石风化等综合影响.②水质综合评价有15个水质采样点满足水功能区要求地表水Ⅱ类标准,占比为38.46%,内梅罗综合污染指数分级水质类别为I类的有23个,清洁水体占比为58.97%,高锰酸盐指数为主要超标指标,揭示出地表水面临有机物污染的风险.③地理探测结果表明,人类活动解释力因子q值为0.204 9,降雨和高程也对水质变化具有显著影响,双因子交互作用显著增加了河流水质空间分异的解释力,反映流域层面水质受多因素共同影响. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Miyun Reservoir is the most important surface drinking water source of the capital city, which is of great importance to guarantee the safety of the water supply in the capital city. A total of 39 surface water samples and 16 groundwater samples were collected in the field during the flood season in the Miyun Reservoir Basin to analyze the hydrochemical characteristics and to carry out water quality analysis and evaluation using the single-factor evaluation method and the Nemero Pollution Index and applying geo-detectors to analyze the spatial variability of the water quality indicators and spatial data, such as land use, meteorology, and socio-economics. The results showed that： ① Surface water and groundwater had similar hydrochemical characteristics, including close hydraulic connection, homology of component sources, and uneven spatial distribution of ion concentration, and three principal component factors could be extracted from surface water and groundwater hydrochemical ions, respectively, which were mainly affected by the combination of human activities and rock weathering. ② Water quality evaluation results showed that there were 15 water quality sampling points to meet the surface water class II standards and 14 water quality sampling points to meet the surface water class III standards, and there were seven water quality sampling points for the surface water class Ⅳ standards, two for class V, and one for inferior class V. According to the Nemero integrated pollution index classification of water quality categories, class I had 23, class II had 14, and class III and class V each had 1. The permanganate index was the main exceeding index, revealing that the surface water faced the risk of organic pollution. ③ Human activities were the main factors affecting the river water quality differentiation, with the explanatory power factor q-value of 0.204 9, and rainfall and elevation also had a significant impact on the water quality changes. Two-factor interaction significantly increased the explanatory power of the spatial differentiation of water quality in the river, which manifested itself as an enhancement or nonlinear enhancement, reflecting that the water quality of the basin level was affected by several factors together. |
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