| 基于PMF模型和地理探测器的金陵河下游土壤重金属源风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 582 全文点击 74 投稿时间：2024-04-01 修订日期：2024-06-01 |
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| 中文关键词 土壤重金属 正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型 潜在生态风险指数 地理探测器 金陵河下游 |
| 英文关键词 soil heavy metals positive matrix factorization （PMF） model potential ecological risk assessment geodetector lower reaches of the Jinling River |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了解金陵河下游土壤重金属的污染特征和污染来源,采集金陵河下游表层土壤41份,使用高精度X射线荧光光谱仪（HDXRF）测定8种重金属（Cr、Mn、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd和Pb）含量.运用相关性分析、正定矩阵因子分解模型（PMF）分析土壤重金属的来源,利用基于源的潜在生态风险评价模型分析不同污染源下的生态风险,并借助地理探测器分析各污染源生态风险的影响因素.结果表明：①8种土壤重金属元素平均值均低于土壤污染风险筛选值,但都高于陕西省土壤背景值,其中Zn、Cd和Pb空间变异性大,主要受人类活动影响. ②研究区土壤重金属主要来源于工业源、交通源、自然源和农业-工业混合源,各污染源贡献率分别为16.51%、23.68%、51.08%和8.73%,基于源的潜在生态风险评价表明,工业源、交通源、自然源和农业-工业混合源的潜在生态风险指数（RI）均值分别为34.11、85.03、16.76和21.19,Cd是优先控制元素,交通源为优先控制源. ③不同污染源RI的主要影响因素存在显著差异,距重点企业距离、距公路距离、砂土含量和土地利用类型分别是工业源、交通源、自然源和农业-工业混合源的主要影响因子.研究结果可为流域土壤重金属环境管理和污染控制提供科学依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To understand the pollution characteristics and sources of heavy metals in the soil of the lower reaches of the Jinling River, 41 samples of surface soil in the lower reaches of the Jinling River were collected, and the contents of eight heavy metals （Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb） were determined by high-precision X-ray fluorescence spectrometer （HDXRF）. Correlation analysis and positive matrix factorization model （PMF） were used to analyze the sources of heavy metals in the soil. The potential ecological risk assessment model based on source was used to analyze the potential ecological risk under different pollution sources, and the influencing factors of ecological risk of each pollution source were analyzed by means of geographical detector. The results showed that： ① The average values of eight heavy metal elements in soil were lower than the risk screening values of soil pollution but higher than the soil background values of Shaanxi Province. The spatial variability of Zn, Cd, and Pb was large, which was mainly affected by human activities. ② The heavy metals in the soil of the study area were mainly from industrial sources, traffic sources, natural sources, and agricultural-industrial mixed sources, and the contribution rates of each pollution source were 16.51%, 23.68%, 51.08%, and 8.73%, respectively. Based on the source-based potential ecological risk assessment, the potential ecological risk index （RI） of industrial sources, traffic sources, natural sources, and agricultural-industrial mixed sources were 34.11, 85.03, 16.76, and 21.19, respectively. Cd was the priority control element, and traffic sources were the priority control sources. ③ The distance from key enterprises, the distance from highway, sand content, and land use type were the main influencing factors of the industrial source, traffic source, natural source, and agricultural-industrial mixed sources, respectively. The results of this study can provide scientific basis for environmental management and pollution control of heavy metals in soil. |
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