| 基于“供需平衡-敏感性-连通性”的赤峰生态安全格局构建与优化 |
| 摘要点击 465 全文点击 63 投稿时间：2024-03-23 修订日期：2024-06-14 |
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| 中文关键词 生态安全格局 生态系统服务供需 生态源地优化 电路理论 赤峰 |
| 英文关键词 ecological security pattern ecosystem service supply and demand ecological source optimization circuit theory Chifeng |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 生态源地作为生态安全格局构建的基础,其识别结果对生态廊道和生态节点具有重要作用. 当前研究在生态源地识别中忽略了社会与生态系统间的关联,以及城市快速发展需要充足的生态源地. 因此,以赤峰为研究区,提出了基于“生态系统服务供需关系-生态敏感性-景观连通性”识别初始生态源地的方法,并根据生态用地占比确定源地最佳扩散距离,进而得到优化生态源地,利用土地发展概率对阻力面进行修正,并运用电路理论识别生态廊道和生态节点,从而构建生态安全格局. 结果表明：①赤峰生态系统服务供需空间匹配度低,呈现北部和西南部高供给-低需求,中部和东南部低供给-高需求的空间格局；②优化后生态源地面积扩大到3 210.56 km2,主要位于研究区西北和西南角的林地和水域,由优化后源地得到84条生态廊道,33个生态节点,提高了生态网络的连通性；③结合研究区自然状况和生态要素分布特征,提出“一屏、三区、多廊、多点”的生态安全格局,针对不同区域状况因地制宜开展生态修复. 研究可为生态安全格局构建提出一种新的思路,对生态可持续发展提供科学指导. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The construction of an ecological security pattern is crucial for promoting the sustainable development of regional ecosystems. Ecological sources form the basis of ecological security pattern construction, and their identification and extraction play an important role in the development of ecological corridors and nodes. The relationship between society and ecosystem has been ignored in the identification of ecological source areas, and the rapid development of cities requires sufficient ecological source areas. Therefore, taking Chifeng as the research area, the initial ecological source area was identified based on the “ecosystem service supply-demand relationship-ecological sensitivity-landscape connectivity” framework, and the optimal diffusion distance of the source area was determined according to the proportion of ecological land to optimize the ecological source area. Land development probability was used to modify the resistance surface, and circuit theory was employed to identify ecological corridors and nodes, thus constructing an ecological security pattern. The results showed that： ① The spatial matching degree of ecosystem service supply and demand in Chifeng was low, showing a spatial pattern of high supply-low demand in the north and southwest and low supply-high demand in the middle and southeast. ② After optimization, the ecological source area expanded to 3 210.56 km2,mainly located in the forest and water areas in the northwest and southwest corners of the study area. A total of 84 ecological corridors and 33 ecological nodes were obtained from the optimized source area, which improved the connectivity of the ecological network. ③ Combined with the distribution characteristics of natural conditions and ecological factors in the study area, the ecological security pattern of “one ecological barrier, three ecological areas, multiple corridors, multiple points” was proposed, and ecological restoration was carried out according to local conditions in different regions. This study provides a new approach for the construction of ecological security patterns and offers scientific guidance for ecological sustainable development. |
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