| 退耕还林还草工程对陕北地区生态系统服务的影响 |
| 摘要点击 466 全文点击 54 投稿时间：2024-04-10 修订日期：2024-05-26 |
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| 中文关键词 生态系统服务 退耕还林还草工程 时空格局 热点分布 权衡与协同 陕北地区 |
| 英文关键词 ecosystem services Green for Grain Program spatio-temporal patterns hot spots trade-offs and synergies northern Shaanxi |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 安健吉 | 长安大学土地工程学院, 西安 710054
陕西省土地整治重点实验室, 西安 710054 | anjianji416@163.com | | 员学锋 | 长安大学土地工程学院, 西安 710054
陕西省土地整治重点实验室, 西安 710054 | zyxfyun@chd.edu.cn | | 杨悦 | 长安大学土地工程学院, 西安 710054
陕西省土地整治重点实验室, 西安 710054 | | | 安骐岷 | 长安大学土地工程学院, 西安 710054
陕西省土地整治重点实验室, 西安 710054 | | | 苏强俊 | 长安大学土地工程学院, 西安 710054
陕西省土地整治重点实验室, 西安 710054 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以陕北地区为研究区域,量化评估生态系统固碳、产水、土壤保持和食物供给服务,判断退耕还林还草工程的实施区域和类型,从时空格局、热点分布和权衡与协同关系等方向综合分析退耕还林还草工程对陕北地区生态系统服务的影响. 结果表明：①2000~2020年陕北地区生态系统碳储量、产水量、土壤保持量和食物产量分别增加0.19亿t（2.63%）、11.56亿m3（51.35%）、3.44亿t（26.31%）和509.70万t（60.48%）,退耕还林还草工程累计实施4 538.25 km2,退耕还林区、退耕还草区和未利用地造林种草区分别占22.71%、73.46%和3.83%. ②工程实施区内固碳和土壤保持服务的增幅较大,产水服务的增幅较小,食物供给服务呈下降趋势,不同类型工程实施区生态系统服务的变化情况存在明显的差异. ③陕北地区多数生态系统服务间呈现权衡关系,2000~2020年间权衡关系逐渐减弱,工程实施区内的权衡关系相对更弱. ④陕北地区能够同时提供多种生态系统服务的区域明显增加,退耕还林对增加多重热点区的促进效果明显,未利用地造林种草对消除0类热点区具有积极的作用. ⑤未来,陕北地区应着力提升食物供给的可持续性并破除水资源短缺的瓶颈,可以结合生态系统服务的实际情况分类施策,通过未利用地造林种草减少生态系统服务匮乏的区域,通过间作套作和立体农业等方式促进多项生态系统服务的协同发展. |
| 英文摘要 |
| This study quantitatively evaluated ecosystem services of carbon storage （CS）, water yield （WY）, soil conservation （SC）, and food supply （FS） in northern Shaanxi and assesses the implementation areas and types of the Grain for Green Program （GFGP）. It examined the impact of GFGP on ecosystem services in northern Shaanxi from the perspectives of spatio-temporal patterns, hot spot distribution, trade-offs and synergies. The results indicated： ① From 2000 to 2020, CS, WY, SC, and FS in northern Shaanxi increased by 19.16 million t （2.63%）, 1 156.11 million m3 （51.35%）, 344.21 million t （26.31%）, and 5.10 million t （60.48%）, respectively. The cumulative implementation area of GFGP reached 4 538.25 km2, with cropland-to-forest, cropland-to-grassland, and barren-to-forest/grassland accounting for 22.71%, 73.46%, and 3.83% of the total, respectively. ② In the project implementation areas, the increases in CS and SC were significant, while the increase in WY was relatively small, and FS showed a declining trend. Distinct differences were observed in ecosystem service changes among different types of implementation areas of GFGP. ③A trade-off relationship was observed between most ecosystem services in northern Shaanxi, which gradually weakened from 2000 to 2020, with relatively weaker trade-off relationships observed within the project implementation areas of GFGP. ④ The areas providing multiple ecosystem services in northern Shaanxi significantly increased, with cropland-to-forest playing a prominent role in promoting the emergence of multiple-hot-spots, while barren-to-forest/grassland effectively eliminated zero-hot-spot. ⑤ Future efforts in northern Shaanxi should focus on enhancing the sustainability of food provisioning and alleviating water resource shortages. Strategies should be classified based on the actual situation of ecosystem services, utilizing barren-to-forest/grassland to reduce areas lacking ecosystem services and promoting the synergistic development of multiple ecosystem services through cropland-to-forest. |
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