| 黄土高原草原区草地退化时空演变及其驱动因素分析 |
| 摘要点击 597 全文点击 65 投稿时间：2024-03-07 修订日期：2024-06-06 |
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| 中文关键词 黄土高原 植被遥感 草地退化 时空变化 驱动因素 |
| 英文关键词 Loess Plateau remote sensing of vegetation grassland degradation spatio-temporal analysis driving factor |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 白晓 | 西安科技大学测绘科学与技术学院, 西安 710054 | baixiao@xust.edu.cn | | 黄千翔 | 西安科技大学测绘科学与技术学院, 西安 710054 | | | 田丹 | 自然资源部第一航测遥感院, 西安 710054 | tiandan67@126.com | | 贾小旭 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101 | | | 杨礼箫 | 东北农业大学公共管理与法学院, 哈尔滨 150030 | | | 邵明安 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101 | | | 李朋飞 | 西安科技大学测绘科学与技术学院, 西安 710054 | | | 胡晋飞 | 西安科技大学测绘科学与技术学院, 西安 710054 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 当前黄土高原地区植被恢复策略转向自然恢复,利用草地进行植被重建. 为量化黄土高原草原区植被长时期时空变化格局及其驱动因素的关系,基于AVHRR和MODIS NDVI长时期植被遥感监测,利用GEE、草地退化指数和时空分析等方法,分析了1986~2021年黄土高原草原区植被覆盖度和草地退化演变格局,揭示了气象要素对草地退化的影响. 结果表明：①黄土高原草原区植被处于中度退化水平. 2000年前,黄土高原草地退化面积为17.4×104 km2,占黄土高原草原区总面积的43.8%,草地退化指数为2.25. 2000年后,黄土高原草地退化面积为15.3×104 km2,占黄土高原草原区总面积的38.4%,草地退化指数为2.06. ②黄土高原草地退化存在显著的空间异质性. 植被恢复前（1986~2000年）,草地退化指数总体变化不大,在东南和西部地区呈现不显著的增加趋势（面积占比为38%）,在中部和西北部地区呈现降低趋势（面积占比为34%）. 植被恢复后（2001~20021年）,区域草地退化指数呈现总体降低和不变趋势（面积占比85%）,尤其以东部和南部显著降低,毛乌素地区则呈现不显著的升高趋势. ③气象要素是影响黄土高原草地退化的决定性因素,解释了草地退化方差的80%,其中降水量和相对湿度是影响黄土高原草地退化最主要的两个驱动因素,分别贡献了45.8%和21.7%. 研究结果可为评估黄土高原草原区植被时空演变提供数据支撑,也可为区域植被可持续性维持和健康发展提供科学依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The vegetation restoration strategies on the Loess Plateau are progressively orienting towards natural regeneration, utilizing grasslands for ecological recovery. However, there is a dearth of precise, in-depth quantification of the long-term spatio-temporal patterns and driving factors of grassland degradation in this area. This study, based on AVHRR and MODIS NDVI data, employs Google Earth Engine （GEE）, grassland degradation indices, and spatio-temporal analysis to examine the vegetation cover and degradation patterns of the Loess Plateau's grasslands from 1986 to 2021. The study reveals the influence of meteorological elements on grassland degradation, with specific findings as follows： ① Grasslands exhibited moderate degradation on the Loess Plateau, with a degradation area of 17.4×104 km2 （43.8% of the total grassland area） before 2000, characterized by a degradation index of 2.25. Post-2000, the degraded area reduced to 15.3×104 km2 （38.4% of the total）, with a degradation index of 2.06. ② Significant spatial heterogeneity in grassland degradation was observed, with pre-vegetation recovery （1986-2000） showing minimal overall change in the degradation index, with non-significant increases in the southeast and west （38% of the area） and decreases in the central and northwest （34% of the area）. Post-vegetation recovery （2001-2021）, the regional grassland degradation index showed an overall decrease and a constant trend （85% of the area）, especially in the eastern and southern parts of the region, while it showed an insignificant increase trend in the Mu Us region. ③ Meteorological elements, notably precipitation and relative humidity, were identified as the primary drivers of grassland degradation, accounting for 80% of the variance, with precipitation and relative humidity contributing 45.8% and 21.7%, respectively. These results provide a data-supported framework for evaluating the spatio-temporal evolution of the Loess Plateau's grassland ecosystem and inform scientific approaches to sustainable vegetation management in the region. |
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