| 干旱区典型县植被覆盖度的动态变化和景观格局分析 |
| 摘要点击 675 全文点击 134 投稿时间：2024-02-02 修订日期：2024-05-21 |
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| 中文关键词 植被覆盖度（FVC） 像元二分模型 地理编码 重心转移 景观格局指数 |
| 英文关键词 fractional vegetation cover（FVC） image element dichotomous model geocoding center of gravity migration landscape pattern index |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 干旱地区植被覆盖度的动态变化是荒漠化形成、发展和演变过程的重要依据,同时对于土地荒漠化防治有重要意义. 以干旱区典型县——和布克赛尔蒙古自治县（简称和丰县）为研究区,分析了不同覆盖度的植被生态景观格局变化,从变化频次统计、地理编码法和重心迁移等角度,探讨了不同植被覆盖度景观的动态变化,阐述了各类景观的动态转移和重心迁移规律. 结果表明,该县20年间平均植被覆盖度从18.00%上升到20.39%,空间分布特征差异显著,全县以低植被覆盖度为主,极高和高植被覆盖度主要分布在北部及中部村庄地区；植被覆盖度变化4次的面积占总面积的71.98%,主要为极高植被覆盖度分布区域,未变化的面积占比仅为0.08%；稳定不变的区域和波动变化的区域占比持平,分别为39.60%和42.54%；各类植被覆盖度之间转换频繁,以“极低→低”、“低→极低”和“低→中”转换类型为主；中、高和极高植被覆盖度重心分布在北部,说明北部植被长势良好,退牧还草等生态工程取得很好成效. 极低和低植被覆盖度的景观斑块分布较为紧凑且稳定性高,整体景观格局多样性稳定不变,均匀度指数从0.17增加到0.19,各类植被覆盖度之间破碎化程度低,分布较为集中；20 a间和丰县植被覆盖度呈波动上升趋势,波动幅度较大,南部沙漠地区是未来植被保护和荒漠化防治工作的重中之重. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The dynamic change in fractional vegetation cover （FVC） in arid areas is an important basis for the development and evolution of desertification as well as critical component land desertification control. Using Hebukeser （also known as Hefeng）, a typical arid zone county, as the study area, we analyzed the changes in the ecological landscape pattern of vegetation with different coverages； investigated the dynamic changes of landscapes with different FVC from the perspectives of change frequency statistics, geocoding method, and migration of the center； and elaborated on the dynamic shift of various types of landscapes and the rule of migration of the center. The finding showed that： Over the course of the 20-year period, the county's average FVC increased from 18.00%-20.39%. Notable differences were observed in the county's spatial distribution, with low FVC predominating and very high and high FVC primarily distributed in the northern and central villages. The area with four changes in vegetation cover accounted for 71.98% of the total area, primarily representing the distribution area of the very high FVC, and the area with no change accounted for just 0.08%. The proportion of stable and fluctuating area was the same, 39.60% and 42.54%, respectively； the conversion between different types of FVC was frequent, with “very low → low,” “low → very low,” and “low → medium” conversion types. The center of medium, high, and very high FVC was distributed in the north, indicating that the vegetation in the north was growing well and that ecological projects like restoring pasture to grassland had yielded excellent results. The distribution of landscape patches with very low and low FVC was more compact and stable, while the diversity of the overall landscape pattern remained stable and unchanged, with the Evenness Index increasing from 0.17-0.19. The degree of fragmentation between various types of FVC was low, and the distribution was more centralized. During the past 20 years, the FVC in Hefeng had fluctuated upward with large amplitude. The desert area in the county's south was the highest priority for future vegetation protection as well as desertification prevention and control. Future vegetation protection and desertification control efforts should prioritize the southern desert area. |
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