| 基于麦-玉种植系统农田土壤碳库与作物产量的周年秸秆还田量评价 |
| 摘要点击 1072 全文点击 166 投稿时间：2024-01-29 修订日期：2024-04-18 |
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| 中文关键词 秸秆还田 产量 有机碳（TOC） 易氧化有机碳（EOOC） 碳利用效率 碳库管理指数 |
| 英文关键词 straw returning to field yield soil organic carbon （TOC） oxidizable organic carbon（EOOC） carbon efficiency carbon pool management index |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 吴群文 | 青岛农业大学农学院, 青岛 266109
山东省农业科学院养分资源高效利用全国重点实验室, 济南 250100 | 2372994767@qq.com | | 宋佩鸿 | 山东省农业科学院养分资源高效利用全国重点实验室, 济南 250100 | | | 黄健华 | 山东省农业科学院养分资源高效利用全国重点实验室, 济南 250100 | | | 钱欣 | 山东省农业科学院养分资源高效利用全国重点实验室, 济南 250100 | | | 高英波 | 山东省农业科学院养分资源高效利用全国重点实验室, 济南 250100 | | | 张慧 | 山东省农业科学院养分资源高效利用全国重点实验室, 济南 250100 | | | 刘开昌 | 山东省农业科学院养分资源高效利用全国重点实验室, 济南 250100 | | | 王良 | 山东省农业科学院养分资源高效利用全国重点实验室, 济南 250100 | wangliang11.04@163.com | | 李宗新 | 山东省农业科学院养分资源高效利用全国重点实验室, 济南 250100 | sdaucliff@sina.com |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 作物秸秆的处理和循环利用已成为农业科研领域的热点. 优化小麦-玉米周年秸秆管理,可实现种植系统碳效率提高,并促进小麦-玉米周年可持续生产. 基于持续8a的秸秆还田长期定位试验,设立了麦-玉双季还田（WS-MS）和麦-玉单季还田（WS-MN）这两个处理,对比分析了WS-MS处理和WS-MN处理下秸秆还田量对土壤有机碳（TOC）含量、易氧化有机碳（EOOC）含量、土壤碳储量、碳库管理指数（CPMI）、碳利用效率和作物产量的影响. 结果表明,WS-MS处理和WS-MN处理的TOC含量分别增加了8.1%和5.5%,WS-MS处理和WS-MN处理的EOOC含量分别增加了50.4%和45.5%； 0~20 cm土层,WS-MS处理和WS-MN处理有机碳储量分别提升了20.5%和18.3%；但是WS-MS处理较WS-MN处理的提升皆不显著. WS-MS处理的碳库指数（CPI）、碳库活度（CPA）、碳库活度指数（CPAI）和CPMI较WS-MN处理分别高出3.7%、20.5%、2.2%和7.9%. 对于产量而言,WS-MN处理的麦-玉周年产量较WS-MS处理高出0.2%,年均生产效率和生态效率分别较WS-MS处理显著高出136.1%和64.2%. WS-MN处理降低农田碳投入,导致其碳效益显著高于WS-MS处理. 因此,统筹考量秸秆还田方式、秸秆碳利用效率以及作物产量,在不显著影响小麦-玉米周年籽粒产量及其土壤碳库的前提下,仅小麦秸秆单季还田更适于黄淮海地区小麦-玉米一年两熟集约化种植的周年秸秆资源高效利用的管理方式. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The treatment and recycling of crop straws has become a hot spot in the field of agricultural research, with the need to optimize the management of wheat-maize annual straws, improve the carbon efficiency of cropping systems, and promote the sustainable production of wheat-maize annual straw. Based on an 8-year long-term field trial, two treatments, wheat-maize double cropping （WS-MS） and wheat-maize single cropping （WS-MN）, were set up, and the effects of straw returning on soil organic carbon （TOC） content, oxidizable organic carbon （EOOC） content, soil carbon storage, carbon pool management index （CPMI）, carbon use efficiency, and crop yield were compared between WS-MS and WS-MN treatments. The results showed that the content of TOC in WS-MS and WS-MN increased by 8.1% and 5.5%, respectively, and the content of EOOC in WS-MS and WS-MN increased by 50.4% and 45.5%, respectively. The WS-MS and WS-MN treatments increased organic carbon storage by 20.5% and 18.3%, respectively, but the WS-MS treatment did not significantly increase organic carbon storage compared with that in the WS-MN treatment. The carbon pool index （CPI）, carbon pool activity （CPA）, carbon pool activity index （CPAI）, and CPMI of WS-MS were 3.7%, 20.5%, 2.2%, and 7.9% higher than those of WS-MN, respectively. The annual yield of WS-MN was 0.2% higher than that of WS-MS. The annual production efficiency and ecological efficiency of WS-MN were 136.1% and 64.2% higher than those of WS-MS, respectively. The carbon benefit of the WS-MN treatment was significantly higher than that of the WS-MS treatment. Therefore, considering the straw return method, straw carbon utilization efficiency, and crop yield, the single season return of wheat straw is more suitable for the efficient utilization of annual straw resources in the intensive wheat-maize double cropping system in the Huang-Huai-Hai Region, without significantly affecting the annual grain yield of wheat-miaze and its soil carbon pool. |
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