| 河南省小麦玉米生产体系碳氮足迹时空变化特征及驱动因素分析 |
| 摘要点击 1087 全文点击 159 投稿时间：2024-01-12 修订日期：2024-04-28 |
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| 中文关键词 碳足迹 氮足迹 时空特征 驱动因素 LMDI模型 |
| 英文关键词 carbon footprint nitrogen footprint spatiotemporal characteristics driving factors LMDI model |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 温桂香 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 | wgx2632@163.com | | 姚金哲 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 | | | 韩晴 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 | | | 李鸽子 | 河南农业大学国家小麦工程技术研究中心, 郑州 450046 | | | 王志勇 | 河南省生态环境技术中心, 郑州 450000 | | | 张丛光 | 深圳职业技术大学碳中和技术研究院, 深圳 518055 | | | 李岚涛 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 | | | 刘世亮 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 | | | 王宜伦 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 | | | 介晓磊 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 | | | 柳海涛 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 | liuhaitaoky@henau.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 河南省作为中国小麦玉米的主产区,生产种植过程中产生大量的温室气体,明确其生长过程中碳氮足迹变化特征,解析关键驱动因素,为小麦玉米绿色生产提供依据. 基于生命周期评价和LMDI模型系统评估2011~2020年河南省小麦玉米生产碳氮足迹时空、构成变化趋势及驱动因素. 结果表明：①小麦生产成本高于玉米；②河南省小麦和玉米单位面积碳足迹（以CO2-eq计）分别为1.98 t·hm-2和1.76 t·hm-2,单位面积氮足迹（以N-eq计）分别为48.28 kg·hm-2和28.37 kg·hm-2,河南省小麦玉米碳足迹呈现波动上升的趋势,氮足迹呈现逐年下降的趋势；③灌溉排放和NH3挥发是小麦玉米碳氮足迹的主要构成因素,分别占小麦碳氮足迹的28.64%和81.27%,玉米碳氮足迹的35.28%和82.21%；④河南省各地市碳氮足迹差异明显,总体呈现东南高、西北低的态势；⑤LMDI模型分析结果表明,经济因素增加了小麦玉米生产的碳氮排放,而劳动力和生产因素减少了小麦玉米生产的碳氮排放. 综上所述,为降低河南省农业生产碳氮排放,应减少劳动力和生产成本,发展节肥节水技术,强化农业科技创新能力,并结合政策和经济激励措施,推动绿色低碳农业发展,实现碳中和目标. |
| 英文摘要 |
| As the main producing area of wheat and maize in China, Henan Province produces considerable greenhouse gases during the production and planting processes. Determining the characteristics of carbon and nitrogen footprint changes during the growth process and analyzing the key driving factors will provide a basis for the green production of wheat and maize. Based on the life cycle assessment and LMDI model, the spatio-temporal characteristics, composition change trends, and driving factors of the carbon and nitrogen footprint during wheat and maize production in Henan Province from 2011 to 2020 were systematically evaluated. The results showed that： ① The production cost of wheat was higher than that of maize. ② The carbon footprint per unit area （ CO2-eq ） of wheat and maize in Henan Province was 1.98 t·hm-2 and 1.76 t·hm-2, and the nitrogen footprint per unit area （N-eq ） was 48.28 kg·hm-2 and 28.37 kg·hm-2, respectively. The carbon footprint of wheat and maize in Henan Province showed a fluctuating upward trend, and the nitrogen footprint showed a decreasing trend year by year. ③ Irrigation emissions and NH3 volatilization were the main components of the carbon and nitrogen footprint of wheat and maize, accounting for 28.64 % and 81.27 % of the carbon and nitrogen footprint of wheat and 35.28 % and 82.21 % of the carbon and nitrogen footprint of maize, respectively. ④ The carbon and nitrogen footprints of different cities in Henan Province were different, showing a higher trend in the southeast and a lower trend in the northwest. ⑤ The results of the LMDI model analysis showed that economic factors increased carbon and nitrogen emissions during wheat and maize production, whereas labor and production factors reduced carbon and nitrogen emissions. In summary, to reduce the carbon and nitrogen emissions of agricultural production in Henan Province, we should reduce labor and production costs, develop fertilizer-saving and water-saving technologies, strengthen agricultural science and technology innovation capabilities, and combine policies and economic incentives to promote the development of green and low-carbon agriculture and finally achieve carbon neutrality. |
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