| 黄河流域生态环境质量时空变化及驱动因素分析 |
| 摘要点击 1046 全文点击 197 投稿时间：2024-01-16 修订日期：2024-04-19 |
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| 中文关键词 黄河流域 生态环境质量 遥感生态指数 时空分析 地理探测器 |
| 英文关键词 Yellow River Basin ecological environment quality remote sensing ecological index spatiotemporal analysis geodetector |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 黄河流域在我国经济发展和生态保护中占据重要地位. 基于遥感生态指数（RSEI）数据、气候数据、数字高程数据及夜间遥感数据等,以RSEI指数作为生态环境质量评价指标,采用Theil-Sen斜率估计、Hurst指数和Mann-Kendall检验等方法对黄河流域2001~2021年生态环境质量的时空变化进行评价,并借助地理探测器对流域内生态环境的关键因子及其交互作用进行定量探测分析. 结果表明：①黄河流域生态环境质量整体上略低于中等水平,自西北向东南逐渐改善,流域内中等和较低等级的区域共占总面积的83.12%,过去21 a间平均生态环境质量在波动中上升,增长趋势通过信度为95%的显著性检验. ②区域内生态质量呈现上升-下降-上升的阶段性变化,相邻两级生态等级间面积转移频繁,不同等级的生态位置发生了迁移,21 a间生态改善面积占比达58.09%,但51.75%的区域改善趋势未通过显著性检验. ③未来流域内生态环境质量以恶化为主,持续恶化面积占比24.39%,由改善转为恶化面积占比5.08%,应警惕青海、甘肃两地的生态恶化风险,并遏制内蒙古地区生态退化趋势. ④地理探测结果显示,黄河流域生态环境主要受到人口密度的影响,以降雨量为代表的气候因素影响力在不断增强,双因子的交互作用增强了因子解释力,且主要交互类型为双因子增强,占比达到70.2%. 未来应加强黄河流域的生态系统治理力度,并综合人类活动和气候变化开展生态修复工作,对黄河流域的生态环境评价研究可为因地施策落实流域生态保护与高质量发展提供理论依据和数据支持. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The Yellow River Basin plays an important role in China's economic development and ecological protection. Based on remote sensing ecological index （RSEI） data, climate data, digital elevation data, and night-time remote sensing data, the RSEI index was used as the ecological environment quality evaluation index. such as Theil Sen slope estimation, Hurst index, and Mann-Kendall test were used to evaluate the spatiotemporal changes in the ecological environment quality of the Yellow River Basin from 2001 to 2021. Geodetectors were used to quantitatively detect and analyze the key factors and their interactions in the ecological environment of the basin. The results showed that： Firstly, the overall ecological environment quality in the Yellow River Basin was slightly lower than the moderate level and gradually improved from the northwest to the southeast. The areas with moderate and lower grades accounted for 83.12% of the total area in the basin. The ecological environment quality has shown an upward trend in the past 21 years, which was confirmed by a significance test with a confidence level of 95%. Secondly, the ecological quality within the region showed a phased change of rising decreasing rising, with frequent area transfer between adjacent ecological levels and migration of ecological positions at different levels. The proportion of ecological improvement areas in the past 21 years reached 58.09%, but 51.75% of the regional improvement trend did not pass the significance test. Thirdly, the future ecological environment quality in the basin is expected to deteriorate, with the proportion of continuously deteriorating areas accounting for 24.39% and the proportion of areas transitioning from improvement to deterioration accounting for 5.08%. Attention should be paid to the ecological deterioration risks in Qinghai and Gansu, and the trend of ecological degradation in Inner Mongolia should be curbed. Fourthly, the results of the geographical detector indicated that the ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin was mainly influenced by population density, and the influence of climate factors represented by rainfall has been continuously increasing. The interaction between the two factors enhanced the explanatory power of the factors, with the main interaction type being mutual enhancement, accounting for 70.2%. In the future, efforts should be made to strengthen the ecosystem governance in the Yellow River Basin and carry out comprehensive ecological restoration work considering both human activities and climate change. The evaluation of the ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin can provide a theoretical basis and data support for implementing targeted measures and promoting ecological protection and high-quality development in the basin. |
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