| 南昌东北部地下水重金属污染源解析及健康风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 1192 全文点击 200 投稿时间：2023-10-26 修订日期：2024-04-21 |
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| 中文关键词 地下水 重金属 健康风险评价 源解析 南昌 |
| 英文关键词 groundwater heavy metals health risk assessment source analysis Nanchang |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 地下水重金属污染严重威胁生态安全和人体健康. 长江中游鄱阳湖平原广泛分布原生高砷、高铁和高锰地下水,城市化和人类活动又进一步加剧了地下水重金属污染,开展重金属污染源解析及健康风险评价可为该地区地下水重金属污染的精准防控及居民健康管理提供科学依据. 因此,选取鄱阳湖平原中心城市——南昌东北部作为研究区,采集94组地下水样品,利用PMF模型和健康风险评价模型解析评估了南昌东北部地下水中重金属污染源及其健康风险. 结果表明：①研究区地下水重金属元素质量浓度均值排序为：Mn>Fe>As>Zn>Al>Cd>Pb>Cu>Hg,其中Mn、Fe和As质量浓度均值超过了地下水质量标准（GB/T 14848-2017）III类水标准限值,各重金属空间分布差异较大；②污染源解析结果表明：自然源和农业活动混合源、交通污染源、垃圾焚烧和矿物溶解是南昌东北部地下水中重金属的4个主要来源,其中自然源和农业活动混合源对重金属的累计贡献率最大（80.1%）；③健康风险评价结果表明：经饮水摄入途径暴露的健康风险远高于皮肤入渗途径. 非致癌健康风险（HI）主要由As经饮水摄入途径引起,两个人群的非致癌健康风险均超过了可接受水平（HI>1）. 由As引起的致癌风险值（CR）在成人群体、两种途径下和儿童群体、饮水途径下以及由Cd引起的致癌风险值在儿童群体和饮水途径下,均高于最大可接受风险水平（1E-04）. 从饮水安全角度考虑,在饮用前需要对地下水中的As和Cd进行适当控制. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Heavy metal pollution in groundwater is a serious threat to ecological security and human health. High arsenic, iron, and manganese groundwaters are widely distributed in the Poyang Lake Plain in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Urbanization and anthropogenic activities have further aggravated heavy metal pollution in groundwater. Source analysis and health risk assessment of heavy metals will provide a scientific basis for the precise prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in groundwater and the health management of residents in this area. In this study, the northeast of Nanchang City,the central city of Poyang Lake Plain,was selected as the study area,and 94 groundwater samples were collected. The PMF and health risk assessment models were used to analyze and evaluate the pollution sources and health risks of heavy metals in groundwater in the study area. The results showed that：① The mean concentration of heavy metals in groundwater followed the order of Mn>Fe>As>Zn>Al>Cd>Pb>Cu>Hg； the average concentrations of Mn, Fe, and As exceeded the corresponding standard limits； and the spatial distributions of the heavy metals were quite different. ② Source analysis results showed that the mixture of natural and agricultural sources, transportation emissions, waste incineration, and mineral dissolution were the major heavy metal sources, among which the contributing rate of the mixture of natural and agricultural sources was the highest （80.1%）. ③ The health risk assessment showed that the risk of the drinking water pathway was much higher than that of the skin infiltration pathway. The non-carcinogenic health risk （HI） was mainly caused by As through the drinking water pathway, and the non-carcinogenic HI to both children and adults in the study area was higher than the safety level （HI>1）. The carcinogenic risk （CR） caused by As in adults through the two pathways and in children through the drinking water pathway, and the carcinogenic risk caused by Cd in children through the drinking water pathway were all higher than the maximum acceptable risk level （1E-04）. For drinking water safety, the concentrations of As and Cd should be controlled before drinking. |
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