| 黄河流域大黑河水质时空特征及控制因素 |
| 摘要点击 1119 全文点击 206 投稿时间：2024-01-05 修订日期：2024-04-12 |
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| 中文关键词 大黑河 水质评价 时空特征 熵权水质指数（EWQI） 影响因素 |
| 英文关键词 Dahei River water quality evaluation spatial and temporal characteristics entropy-weighted water quality index（EWQI） impact factors |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 岳昌 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018 | yc673138417@163.com | | 高瑞忠 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018
黄河流域内蒙段水资源与水环境综合治理自治区协同创新中心, 呼和浩特 010018 | ruizhonggao@qq.com | | 段利民 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018
黄河流域内蒙段水资源与水环境综合治理自治区协同创新中心, 呼和浩特 010018 | | | 童辉 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018 | | | 谢龙梅 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018 | | | 房丽晶 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018 | | | 王克玲 | 内蒙古自治区环境监测总站, 呼和浩特 010030 | | | 孙冰 | 内蒙古自治区环境监测总站, 呼和浩特 010030 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 黄河流域作为我国重要的生态安全屏障和人口活动的经济核心带,在我国社会发展和生态安全方面具有重要作用.为探究流域典型支流水环境质量时空变化和影响因素,基于大黑河流域2013~2022年21个监测站点的12项水环境数据和逐月降雨及径流数据,采用熵权水质指数（EWQI）、逐步多元线性回归、层次聚类分析和Pearson相关分析等方法综合评价流域水质变化,探究水质的控制因素.结果表明：①大黑河流域水质达到地表水Ⅴ类标准及以上,丘陵山区水质最优,研究期间水质整体改善. ②丘陵山区水质优于平原区和城镇建成区,EWQI 模型指标优化后得到影响水质的主控因素为TN、BOD5、TP、NH4+-N和高锰酸盐指数,决定系数为0.952. ③空间尺度上,大黑河流域监测站点可聚为3类；L1类中S2站点发生降雨后水质变差,L2类的S14站点和L3类的S21站点降雨后水质变好；冬季3类站点水质整体变差. ④流域EWQI与径流量呈正相关关系,与降雨量关系不显著；主要特征污染物为营养盐和有机物.通过揭示黄河流域典型支流水环境质量时空变化情况及其对降雨和径流事件引发的非点源污染的响应关系,可为黄河典型支流水质达标控制与管理提供科学参考. |
| 英文摘要 |
| As an important ecological security barrier and an economic core belt for population activities, the Yellow River Basin plays an important role in China's social development and ecological security. To investigate the spatial and temporal changes in the water environmental quality of typical tributaries in the basin and the factors affecting them, this study was based on 12 aspects of water environmental data and month-by-month rainfall and runoff data from 21 monitoring stations in the Dahei River Basin from 2013 to 2022. The entropy-weighted water quality index （EWQI）, stepwise multiple linear regression, hierarchical cluster analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to comprehensively assess the changes in the water quality of the basin and to investigate the factors controlling the water quality. The results showed that： ① The water quality of Dahei River Basin reached the standard of surface water class V and above； the water quality in hilly and mountainous areas was the best； and the overall water quality improved during the study period. ② The water quality in hilly and mountainous areas was better than that in plain areas and built-up areas of cities and towns, and the main controlling factors affecting the water quality after optimization of the indicators in the EWQI model were TN, BOD5, TP, NH4+-N, and permanganate index, with a coefficient of determination of 0.952. ③ On a spatial scale, the monitoring stations in the Dahei River Basin could be clustered into three categories. The water quality of the S2 station in the L1 category deteriorated after rainfall, whereas water quality improved after rainfall at site S14 in the L2 category and at site S21 in the L3 category, and water quality deteriorated overall at all three categories of sites in the winter. ④ The EWQI of the basin had a positive correlation with runoff and a non-significant correlation with rainfall； the main characteristic pollutants were nutrient salts and organic matter. By revealing the spatial and temporal variations of water quality in typical tributaries of the Yellow River Basin and its response relationship to non-point source pollution triggered by rainfall and runoff events, this study can provide scientific references for the control and management of water quality attainment in typical tributaries of the Yellow River. |
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