| 2016~2021年秋冬季邯郸市PM2.5污染特征与来源对比 |
| 摘要点击 1117 全文点击 192 投稿时间：2024-01-03 修订日期：2024-03-29 |
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| 中文关键词 PM2.5 蓝天保卫战 水溶性离子 碳质气溶胶 来源解析 |
| 英文关键词 PM2.5 Blue Sky Defense War water-soluble ions carbonaceous aerosol source analysis |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 2018年国务院发布《打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划》（蓝天保卫战）,为研究邯郸市秋冬季在蓝天保卫战前期（第一阶段）、中期（第二阶段）和后期（第三阶段）PM2.5污染特征与来源,于2016~2021年秋冬季采集PM2.5样品,基于8种水溶性离子、EC和OC浓度数据,通过正定矩阵因子分解模型（PMF）、后向轨迹和潜在源贡献因子（PSCF）分析法对其进行来源解析.结果表明,近几年PM2.5年度和秋冬季浓度均值整体呈降低趋势,采样期间3个阶段中水溶性离子（WSIIs）和总碳（TC）浓度也均逐阶段下降,第三阶段（52.70 μg·m-3和17.17 μg·m-3）相较第一阶段（80.23 μg·m-3和46.89 μg·m-3）浓度分别下降了34.31%和63.38%,但其中二次组分占比的变化规律不同.3个阶段中SNA浓度分别占PM2.5总浓度的46.79%、48.86%和43.22%；SOC在PM2.5中的占比为12.43%、14.05%和6.81%,占比均先上升后下降. 3个阶段中SOR均值分别为0.34、0.37和0.36,NOR为0.23、0.28和0.28,说明蓝天保卫战期间二次转化程度最高.从污染物来源看,邯郸市PM2.5主要来源为二次源、燃烧源、工业源、交通源和扬尘源,蓝天保卫战期间一次排放有所下降（主要是燃烧源与工业源）,结束后一次排放上升,其中工业源贡献率从12.17%上升到20.20%,且经后向轨迹聚类分析可知第二阶段二次源贡献率明显高于其他阶段,尤其是来自山东和陕西的气流.潜在源分析表明3个阶段WPSCF高值区域均主要集中在河北南部和河南北部,不同的是第三阶段相比第一阶段的潜在源区由山西中部向南部转移.这项工作证实了蓝天保卫战的环境效益明显,随着蓝天保卫战的开展,二次组分贡献突出；蓝天保卫战结束之后,二次组分占比下降,一次组分的影响增大,应加强对直接排放的管控. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In 2018, the State Council issued the Three-year Action Plan for Winning the Blue Sky Defense War （Blue Sky Defense War）. To study the characteristics and sources of PM2.5 pollution in the early stage （first stage）, middle stage （second stage）, and late stage （third stage） of the Blue Sky Defense War in Handan City in autumn and winter, PM2.5 samples were collected in the autumn and winter from 2016 to 2021. Based on the concentration data of eight water-soluble ions, EC, and OC the source analysis was performed using the positive definite matrix factorization model, backward trajectory, and potential source contribution factor （PSCF） analysis. The results showed that in recent years, the annual and autumn-winter concentrations of PM2.5 showed an overall decreasing trend, and the concentrations of water-soluble ions and total carbon decreased stage by stage during the three stages of sampling. The concentration in the third stage （52.70 μg·m-3 and 17.17 μg·m-3） decreased by 34.31% and 63.38% compared with that in the first stage （80.23 μg·m-3 and 46.89 μg·m-3）, respectively. The concentration of SNA in the three stages accounted for 46.79%, 48.86%, and 43.22% of the total concentration of PM2.5, respectively. The proportion of SOC in PM2.5 was 12.43%, 14.05%, and 6.81%, all of which first increased and then decreased. The mean of SOR in the three stages was 0.34, 0.37, and 0.36, respectively, and NOR was 0.23, 0.28, and 0.28, indicating that the secondary transformation degree was the highest during the Blue Sky Defense War. From the perspective of pollutant sources, the main sources of PM2.5 in Handan City were secondary, combustion sources, industrial sources, traffic sources, and dust sources. During the Blue Sky Defense War, the primary emissions decreased （mainly combustion sources and industrial sources）； afterward, the end of the primary emissions increased, of which the contribution rate of industrial sources increased from 12.17% to 20.20%. Moreover, the backward trajectory clustering analysis showed that the contribution rate of secondary sources in the second stage was significantly higher than that in other stages, especially the airflow from Shandong and Shanxi. The analysis of potential sources showed that the regions with high WPSCF values in the three stages were mainly concentrated in the south of Hebei and the north of Henan. The difference was that the potential source areas in the third stage shifted from the central part of Shanxi to the south compared with the first stage. This work confirms that the environmental benefits of the Blue Sky Defense War are obvious. With the development of the Blue Sky Defense War, the contribution of secondary components is prominent. After the Blue Sky Defense War, the proportion of secondary components decreased, the influence of primary components increased, and the control of direct emissions should be strengthened. |
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