| 关中盆地咸阳市PM2.5污染时空分布特征和潜在源区分析 |
| 摘要点击 1163 全文点击 206 投稿时间：2023-11-17 修订日期：2024-03-31 |
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| 中文关键词 PM2.5 时空分布 后向轨迹 潜在源区 咸阳市 |
| 英文关键词 PM2.5 spatiotemporal distribution backward trajectory potential source area Xianyang City |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 基于2014~2021年咸阳市PM2.5浓度数据和GDAS全球同化气象数据,采用气流后向轨迹聚类分析法（HYSPLIT）、潜在来源贡献函数法（PSCF）、浓度权重轨迹分析法（CWT）和相关统计学方法,研究关中盆地咸阳市PM2.5污染时空变化特征,厘清咸阳市PM2.5污染来源特征和潜在源区.结果表明,咸阳市2014~2021年PM2.5浓度呈先升后降的特征,2016年浓度年均值最高,达到81.25 μg·m-3；季节变化呈秋冬高春夏低的特征,冬季ρ（PM2.5）最高,达116 μg·m-3,而夏季ρ（PM2.5）最低,仅为31.58 μg·m-3；咸阳市PM2.5空间分布年均值呈现南部和东南高、自东南向西北递减的污染特征.聚类分析表明咸阳市春、秋和冬季受偏西方向气流影响显著,而夏季则以短距离输送为主；PSCF和CWT分析显示,冬季潜在源贡献高值区域分布较为集中且覆盖范围最广,春秋季次之,夏季高值区域范围最小,潜在源区主要集中在咸阳市周边以及贯穿内蒙古西部、甘肃中东部、宁夏中南部到河南中部呈西北-东南方向的源区带.重污染时间段聚类分析表明咸阳市PM2.5污染以偏西方向气流为主,高PM2.5浓度除受咸阳市周边地区影响外,还受到与冬季潜在源高值区域类似的源区带影响.因此,针对咸阳市PM2.5污染在严格控制本地及周边污染源排放的前提下,实施区域联防联控,防止外来污染源输入,才能有效防范该区域连片污染的发生. |
| 英文摘要 |
| This study employed PM2.5 concentration data for Xianyang City spanning the years 2014 to 2021, in conjunction with the global data assimilation system （GDAS）. Various analytical techniques, including backward trajectory clustering analysis, potential source contribution function （PSCF）, concentration weighted trajectory analysis （CWT）, and relevant statistical methods, were employed to investigate the temporal and spatial variations in PM2.5 pollution. Furthermore, this research aimed to elucidate the source characteristics and potential areas contributing to PM2.5 pollution within Xianyang City. The results revealed a fluctuation in PM2.5 pollution concentration in Xianyang City from 2014 to 2021, with an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease. The peak average annual concentration, reaching 81.25 μg·m-3, was recorded in 2016. Seasonal variations indicated higher PM2.5 concentrations in autumn and winter, contrasting with lower levels in spring and summer. Winter exhibited the highest PM2.5 concentration at 116 μg·m-3, while the lowest was recorded in summer at 31.58 μg·m-3. Spatially, the annual mean distribution of PM2.5 in Xianyang City demonstrated heightened pollution in the southern and central regions, juxtaposed with lower pollution in the northern areas. Cluster analysis highlighted that Xianyang City experienced substantial influence from northwest airflow during spring, autumn, and winter, while short-distance transport dominated during the summer months. PSCF and CWT analyses indicated that the high-value potential source contribution areas were most extensive during winter, followed by spring and autumn. Conversely, the high-value area in summer was the smallest. The potential source areas were concentrated within Xianyang City and extended northwest to southeast, encompassing regions in western Inner Mongolia, central and eastern Gansu Province, central and southern Ningxia, and central Henan. In analyzing periods of heavy pollution, the study demonstrated that PM2.5 pollution in Xianyang City was primarily induced by westerly airflow. High PM2.5 concentrations were influenced by the surrounding areas of Xianyang City and the source zone, akin to regions with high potential source values during the winter. As a consequence, mitigating PM2.5 pollution in Xianyang City necessitates stringent control measures for both local and regional pollution sources. Additionally, regional collaborative efforts should be emphasized to prevent external pollution sources from exacerbating persistent pollution episodes in the region. |
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