| 土壤微塑料对农作物的危害作用机制与防治措施 |
| 摘要点击 1191 全文点击 157 投稿时间：2023-11-26 修订日期：2024-04-08 |
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| 中文关键词 土壤 微塑料（MPs） 毒性效应 农作物 污染防治 |
| 英文关键词 soil microplastics（MPs） toxic effects crops pollution prevention |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 侬代倩 | 西南林业大学生态与环境学院/环境修复与健康研究院, 昆明 650224
云南省环境污染与食品安全及人体健康创新团队, 昆明 650224 | daiqian_2025@163.com | | 农传江 | 云南省文山壮族苗族自治州农业科学院, 文山 663099 | | | 王成尘 | 西南林业大学生态与环境学院/环境修复与健康研究院, 昆明 650224
云南省环境污染与食品安全及人体健康创新团队, 昆明 650224 | | | 刘龙一 | 西南林业大学生态与环境学院/环境修复与健康研究院, 昆明 650224
云南省环境污染与食品安全及人体健康创新团队, 昆明 650224 | | | 田稳 | 西南林业大学生态与环境学院/环境修复与健康研究院, 昆明 650224
云南省环境污染与食品安全及人体健康创新团队, 昆明 650224 | | | 王海波 | 云南省通海县土壤肥料工作站, 通海 653199 | | | 向萍 | 西南林业大学生态与环境学院/环境修复与健康研究院, 昆明 650224
云南省环境污染与食品安全及人体健康创新团队, 昆明 650224
云南省林下资源保护与利用重点实验室, 昆明 650244 | xiangping@swfu.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 微塑料（MPs）是一种粒径<5 mm的新型环境污染物,已在多种环境介质中广泛检出.土壤作为MPs的重要汇集地,受到了广泛关注.近年来,MPs在土壤环境中污染范围持续扩大,积累量不断增加,对农作物安全产生了极大的风险,加上其具有粒径小、持久性等特点,长期暴露后将对土壤系统造成严重危害.为此综述分析总结了土壤环境中MPs的污染状况,MPs对作物的影响及相关作用机制（途径和毒害机制）及防治措施,重点回顾了MPs对作物的影响以及MPs释放有害物质、MPs与其他污染物复合对植物的毒性作用.结果发现,土壤MPs的危害主要表现为MPs对植物造成机械损伤、诱导植物产生氧化应激反应和基因毒性,从而进一步影响植物生长发育和生理代谢等一系列问题,并提出从MPs污染源控制和生物降解等方面进行防控.最后,总结了现有研究中土壤MPs对作物毒性效应方面的不足,对MPs未来的研究方向提出展望,结果可为土壤生态系统中MPs污染防治提供科学支撑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Microplastics （MPs）, as a type of emerging environmental pollutant with a particle size < 5 mm, have been frequently detected in environmental matrices. MPs pollution in soils has been attracting the scientific community due to the increasing contaminant areas and continuous accumulation, leading to a high risk to crop production. In addition, recent studies have observed that long-term exposure to MPs could seriously harm the soil ecosystem because of their fine particle size and persistence in soils. Given that, in this review, we summarized the pollution status of MPs in soils, the adverse effects and underlying mechanisms of soil microplastics on crops, and their preventive strategies. The hazardous substances that may be released by MPs and the toxic mechanisms of MPs or MPs/absorbed contaminants were reviewed. The results suggested that the main adverse effects of soil MPs on crops were mechanical damage, oxidative stress reactions, and genotoxicity to plants, eventually leading to disorders of plant growth and development and physiological metabolism. Source control and biodegradation of soil MPs were considered effective approaches to decreasing their risks. Finally, existing studies on the shortcomings of the toxic effects of MPs on crops were recapitulated, and the future research direction of MPs was prospected, aiming to provide a reference for future research in the fields of agricultural soil ecosystems and pollution control of microplastics. |
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