| 中国污水处理行业温室气体减排关键问题及对策 |
| 摘要点击 1768 全文点击 249 投稿时间：2024-01-03 修订日期：2024-04-03 |
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| 中文关键词 污水处理 减污降碳 问题识别 能源回收 资源化 行业重塑 |
| 英文关键词 wastewater treatment pollution and carbon emissions reduction problem identification energy recovery resource utilization industrial reconstruction |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 污水处理行业是高耗能行业,也是CH4和N2O等高增温潜势温室气体的主要来源之一,该行业的温室气体减排是实现全球气候目标的重要一环. 2019年,中国城镇污水处理厂共4 359座,污水处理总量达632.64亿m3,规模居世界第一. 2009~2019年,全国污水处理能耗、温室气体排放量及吨水处理温室气体排放强度分别增长161.78%、193.55%和41.54%.面对协同推进降碳、减污、扩绿和增长的新形势新任务新要求,水污染物削减也需要与温室气体减排协同推进.为此,系统梳理了中国污水处理行业能源消耗和温室气体排放的来源和变化趋势,分析了行业温室气体减排面临形势和挑战.结果表明,当前中国污水处理行业面临碳排放和能源资源回收标准缺位、能源自给技术储备不足、污水处理减污降碳协同不足和基础设施及运维管理不完善等问题.基于此,未来需加快污水处理行业温室气体减排总体布局,加强减排技术和能源资源回收技术研发、验证、示范和集成应用,创新污水处理行业精细化管理,探索将自然处理系统作为技术补充,最终期望推动污水处理行业重塑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The wastewater treatment industry is an energy-intensive industry and one of the main sources of high warming potential greenhouse gases （GHG） such as CH4 and N2O. The GHG reduction in this industry is an important part of achieving global climate goals. In 2019, there were 4 359 urban wastewater treatment plants in China, with a total wastewater treatment volume of 63.26 billion m3, ranking first in scale worldwide. From 2009 to 2019, the energy consumption, GHG emissions, and GHG emissions intensity of wastewater treatment in China increased by 161.78%, 193.55%, and 41.54%, respectively. Faced with the new situation, new tasks, and new requirements of the collaborative promotion of carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and growth, water pollutant reduction needs to be coordinated with GHG reduction. To this end, the sources and trends of energy consumption and GHG emissions in the wastewater treatment industry were identified, and the situation and challenges to GHG reduction in this industry were analyzed. The results indicated that the wastewater treatment industry in China has been facing problems such as a lack of carbon emission-related standards, insufficient energy self-sufficient technology reserves, lack of coordination between wastewater treatment levels and carbon emissions control, and inadequate infrastructure and operation and maintenance management. Based on this, it is necessary to accelerate the top-level design of GHG reduction in the wastewater treatment industry； strengthen the research and development, verification, demonstration, and integrated application of disruptive technologies； expand the natural-based solution as a technological supplement； innovate refined management in the wastewater treatment industry； and ultimately promote the reconstruction of the wastewater treatment industry. |
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