| 重庆市“无废城市”建设前后碳减排潜力分析 |
| 摘要点击 1386 全文点击 183 投稿时间：2024-01-08 修订日期：2024-04-07 |
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| 中文关键词 无废城市 物质流分析 源头和处置碳减排 “BAU”和“PLAN”情景 重庆市 |
| 英文关键词 zero-free city material flow analysis carbon emission reduction at source and disposal “BAU” and “PLAN” scenarios Chongqing City |
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| 中文摘要 |
| “无废城市”建设是实现中国碳达峰计划、减污降碳和促进循环经济的有效方案. 为评价无废城市建设前后城市的碳减排潜力,以重庆市为例,通过分析其工业、生活以及农业领域固废的物质流向,基于WARM模型和排放因子法计算了重庆市无废城市政策实施前后（2017~2021年）各领域固体废弃物来源和处置过程中的碳减排总量,并分情景预测了2025年各领域固废碳减排总量. 结果表明： ①在无废城市建设背景下,重庆市在工业领域全面实施清洁生产和绿色制造政策后,使一般工业固废产生强度在2021年下降至0.20 t·万元-1,从2020年开始工业领域碳减排量不断增长；由于经济增长和生活水平的提高,餐厨废物、生活垃圾和电子废物人均产废量均有所增加,导致以上领域未能做到源头减排；此外,可加强绿色食品、有机农产品种植推广及化肥和农药的限制使用以降低农业领域源头排放量；②一般工业固废、建筑垃圾和秸秆三者是实现碳减排的重点领域,2021年其碳减排量分别增长至2 796.64×104、 538.54×104和99.07×104 t,减少上述领域的填埋量是减排关键. 生活领域固废应完善收运、细化分拣处置设施和提升资源回收率以减少其碳排放；秸秆和农膜由于收集和利用水平提升,其碳减排量总体不断上升,农业领域应降低秸秆和畜禽粪便直接还田比例,配置生物质处置设施推进两者协同处置是碳减排最佳手段；③2025年重庆市在BAU情景下和PLAN情景下预测的碳减排量分别为2 289.78×104和2 750.31×104 t,2种情景下碳排放量都在减少说明当地工业的升级转型和再生资源产业规模化取得较好的降碳效益. 由于危险废物、市政污泥和畜禽粪便2025年预测产量持续上升,这3个领域碳排放量可能仍处于增长状态. 而随其他领域固废处置设施在2025年建设完善,以上领域碳排放量会持续降低. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The construction of “zero-free cities” is an effective plan to achieve the carbon peak plan, reduce pollution and carbon emissions, and promote a circular economy. Based on the WARM model and Emission factor method, the total carbon emission reduction of solid waste sources and disposal in each field during the implementation of the zero-free city policy in Chongqing （2017-2021） was calculated, and the total carbon emission reduction of solid waste in each field in 2025 was predicted by scenario. The results showed that： ① After the implementation of cleaner production and green manufacturing policies in Chongqing, the generation intensity of general industrial solid waste decreased to 0.20 t·（104 yuan）-1 in 2021, and the carbon emission reduction in the industrial sector had been increasing since 2020. Due to the growth of the economy and living level, the per capita production of food waste, domestic waste, and e-waste increased, failing to reduce emissions at the source in these areas. In addition, the promotion of green food and organic agricultural products and the restriction of the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides could be strengthened to further reduce source emissions in the agricultural field. ② General industrial solid waste, construction waste, and straw were the key areas to achieve carbon emission reduction, and their carbon emission reductions were predicted to increase to 2 796.64×104, 538.54×104, and 99.07×104 t in 2021. Respectively, reducing the landfill volume in the above fields is the key to emission reduction. In the field of daily life, the collection and transportation of solid waste should be improved, the sorting process and disposal facilities should be refined, and the resource recycling rate should be improved to reduce its carbon emissions. Due to the improvement of the collection level and the application of straw feed and fertilizer, the carbon emission reduction of straw and agricultural film is generally rising, and the proportion of straw and livestock manure directly returned to the field should be reduced in the agricultural field, and the allocation of biomass disposal facilities to promote the co-disposal of the two may be the best means of carbon emission reduction. ③ In 2025, the predicted carbon emission reductions in Chongqing under the BAU scenario and the PLAN scenario were 2 289.78×104 and 2 750.31×104 t, respectively, indicating that the upgrading and transformation of local industries and the large-scale scale of the renewable resources industry have achieved good carbon reduction benefits. With the construction and improvement of various waste disposal facilities in 2025, the carbon emission reduction of the solid waste disposal process in various fields will continue to increase, but the carbon emissions of hazardous waste, municipal sludge, and livestock and poultry manure will still be in a state of growth due to the possible increase in total output in the future. |
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