| 微塑料对土壤微生物活性和碳代谢功能的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2357 全文点击 243 投稿时间：2023-11-13 修订日期：2024-03-15 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 微塑料（MPs） 微生物 碳代谢功能 酶活性 土壤 |
| 英文关键词 microplastics （MPs） microorganisms carbon metabolism function enzyme activity soil |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 明确土壤中微塑料（MPs）污染的生态效应是环境科学研究中的前沿问题. 通过在土壤中添加3种相对丰度（2%、5%和10%,以MPs/土壤计）的传统MPs聚苯乙烯（PS）和生物可降解MPs聚乳酸（PLA）,进行为期60 d的微宇宙培养实验,探究MPs对土壤微生物活性和碳代谢功能的影响. 结果表明,经过MPs培养后,土壤pH值降低,溶解性有机碳（DOC）的含量显著增加；土壤中过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性均显著降低,二者的降低程度受MPs相对丰度影响,PLA的添加会显著增强土壤脲酶的活性,而PS对脲酶活性没有明显的影响；MPs的添加会降低土壤微生物碳代谢能力,PLA对土壤微生物碳代谢能力的抑制作用大于PS,二者对土壤碳代谢能力的抑制作用和它们的相对丰度呈正相关关系,10%的PS和PLA导致土壤微生物碳代谢能力分别降低了63.91%和82.27%,展现出极强的抑制作用；土壤中PLA易于降解产生有害溶解性有机质和更小的塑料颗粒,使其对土壤微生物活性和碳代谢功能的影响大于PS. 研究结果可为明确土壤中不同类型MPs的生态效应提供理论依据,并为未来制定土壤中MPs污染相关标准提供基础数据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Clarifying the ecological effects of microplastics （MPs） in soil is a frontier problem in environmental science research. A 60-d microcosmic culture experiment was conducted using soil with three relative abundances （2%, 5%, and 10%, MPs/soil）, of traditional MPs polystyrene （PS） and biodegradable MPs polylactic acid （PLA）. Additionally, the changes in microbial activity and carbon metabolism function in the soil after cultivation were analyzed. The results showed that： After cultivation with MPs, the soil pH decreased and the content of dissolved organic carbon （DOC） in the soil significantly increased. The addition of MPs significantly reduced the activities of catalase and polyphenol oxidase in the soil and the reduction degree was related to the concentration of MPs. However, the addition of PLA significantly enhanced the activity of soil urease, while PS had no significant effect on urease activity. The addition of MPs led to a decrease in the carbon metabolism ability of soil microbial communities. The carbon metabolism ability of soil microorganisms cultured with PS was higher than that of those cultured with PLA. The inhibitory effect of both on soil carbon metabolism was positively correlated with their concentration. The concentrations of PS （10%） and PLA （10%） had the strongest inhibitory effect on soil microbial carbon metabolism ability, with a decrease of 63.91% and 82.27%, respectively. PLA had a greater impact on soil microbial activity and carbon metabolism than that of PS because PLA in soil degraded easily to produce harmful dissolved organic matter and smaller plastic particles. The research results provide a theoretical basis for clarifying the ecological effects of MPs in soil and basic data for future development of standards related to soil MPs pollution. |
|
|
|
