| 巢湖主体流域多种抗生素的空间分布、源解析与风险评估 |
| 摘要点击 1714 全文点击 192 投稿时间：2023-11-23 修订日期：2024-02-29 |
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| 中文关键词 巢湖 抗生素 空间分布 源解析 生态风险评估 健康风险评估 |
| 英文关键词 Chaohu Lake antibiotics spatial distribution source analysis ecological risk assessment health risk assessment |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探究抗生素在巢湖水环境中的污染现状,采集2022年6月巢湖主体流域的表层水和沉积物,采用超高效液相色谱串联质谱法（UPLC-MS）测定样品中的四环素类、磺胺类、大环内酯类和喹诺酮类等31种目标抗生素,结合多种分析方法,研究巢湖主体流域多种抗生素的空间分布特点、来源解析和风险评估.巢湖表层水和沉积物中分别检出20种抗生素.在表层水与沉积物中,抗生素具有显著的空间差异特点.水平空间分布结果显示水体中抗生素呈现显著的种类差异与浓度差异；垂直空间分布结果显示表层水与沉积物中多种抗生素在相同点位上的垂直分布特征较为一致.PCA分析结果显示表层水与沉积物的来源相近,主要来源于畜牧禽类养殖废水、水产养殖废水和居民生活污水.生态风险评估结果显示巢湖表层水中的诺氟沙星对藻类构成高风险（RQ>1）,磺胺甲唑和强力霉素等对藻类构成中风险（0.1≤RQ<1）；健康风险评估结果显示人体暂无通过饮水摄入抗生素的健康风险（HRQ<0.01）. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Chaohu Lake is the fifth largest freshwater lake in China that meets the needs of surrounding industries for water, tourism, and flood storage, making it important for the socio-economic development and modernization of Anhui Province. As an important ecological wetland in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, many rare bird habitats are present along the coast of Chaohu Lake. Therefore, it is eco-economically important to study antibiotic pollution in Chaohu Lake. To unveil antibiotic contamination in Chaohu Lake, surface water and sediment samples were collected from the main basin of Chaohu Lake by steamship in June 2022. Solid phase extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （SPE-UPLC-MS） was used to determine the occurrence of 31 target antibiotics, including tetracyclines, sulfonamides, macrolides, and quinolones. The study focused on the spatial distribution, source analysis, and risk assessment of various antibiotics in the surface water and sediments of the main basin of Chaohu Lake. The occurrences of 20 different antibiotics were successively identified in the surface water and sediments of Chaohu Lake. These antibiotics included sulfonamides, quinolones, macrolides, tetracyclines, and others. Significant spatial differences in antibiotics were found between surface water and sediments. The horizontal spatial distribution results indicated differences in species and concentration of antibiotics in surface water and sediments. The vertical spatial distribution results showed that many types of antibiotics had consistent vertical distribution characteristics in surface water and sediments at the same point. The principal component analysis results indicated that the source of antibiotics in surface water was similar to that in sediment and considered with the actual distribution of existing industries around Chaohu Lake； the main sources were livestock and poultry breeding sewage, aquaculture sewage, and household sewage. The ecological risk quotient （RQ） results indicated that norfloxacin in the surface water of Chaohu Lake posed a high risk to algae （RQ > 1）, while sulfamethoxazole and doxycycline posed a medium risk to algae （0.1 ≤ RQ < 1）. The health risk quotient （HRQ） showed that the risk of exposure to antibiotics through drinking water was very low （HRQ < 0.01）. Our findings provide scientific support for decision makers to control antibiotic pollution and reduce the management costs of antibiotic watershed pollution. |
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