| 区域土地利用变化碳效应的精细监测方法及其应用 |
| 摘要点击 1932 全文点击 432 投稿时间：2023-09-28 修订日期：2023-12-06 |
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| 中文关键词 土地利用变化 碳排放观测指数（CEOI） 复合碳排放核算系数 碳减排压力度 渭河流域 |
| 英文关键词 land use change carbon emission observation index（CEOI） compound carbon emission coefficients pressure of reducing carbon emissions Weihe River Basin |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 土地利用变化普遍呈广域分散式的斑块状分布,且在点位尺度上产生复合碳效应,从而导致基于传统方法的碳排放（或碳吸收）估算结果难以用于精细尺度上碳减排压力的对比分析. 依据任意两种地类之间的转换都会产生各不相同的碳效应等,提出了可应用于点位尺度可比性分析的碳排放观测指数（CEOI）. 在此基础上,综合运用马尔可夫转移矩阵、 复合碳排放系数核算法和基于CEOI指数的碳减排压力分级等,对2000年以来渭河流域各地类变化的碳效应进行评估,并对流域内碳减排压力的时空分异特征进行分析. 结果表明：①渭河流域土地利用变化的碳效应一直表现为净碳排放,其中,近10a流域内的净碳排放量703.1万t,约为前10 a（2000~2010年）的1.97倍,其主要原因与碳排放能力居首的超强增排类地理本体持续增加等密切相关；②流域内碳减排压力仍在上升,但由于碳汇功能的减排类地理本体发挥了较强的碳中和作用,使得近20a间流域内净碳排放量大约减少了19.21%,尤其是在前10a,减排类地理本体的这一贡献度更是高达37.4%；③包括减排类和增排类在内的所有地理本体在流域内的空间分布都极不均衡,它们的碳排放（或碳吸收）重心在近20a间大多呈现出远距离迁移,甚至是省际迁移的特征,其中,主要由“草地转为林地”构成的强减排类地理本体尤为突出,其重心点从流域西部海拔较高的天水市境内,沿着西南-东北方向迁移至海拔稍低的平凉市境内,然而其他地理本体的空间重心大多从海拔较低的渭河中下游盆地,按照东南-西北方向迁往海拔较高的流域中北部地区. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Land use changes are always patchy and widespread within a region, making it a challenge to identify the point-scale pressure of reducing carbon emissions from land use/cover change （LUCC）. The carbon emission observation index （CEOI） was thus proposed to conduct the point-scale comparability analysis, which was based on the unique net C flux effects of conversions between two different land use types. Then, the spatial-temporal characteristics of land use changes and the resulting pressure of reducing carbon emissions were studied in the Weihe River Basin of China, which adopted the LUCC data from 2000 to 2020 and models of the Markov transition matrix （MTM）, compound carbon emission coefficients （CEC） of various types of land use changes, and the CEOI-based classification method on point-scale pressure of reducing carbon emissions. The results showed that： ① The net C flux was from 3.551 Tg C （2000-2010） to 7.031 Tg C （2010-2020）, and the pressure of reducing carbon emissions from LUCC had been continuously increasing, which was mainly driven by the significant increase in change-spots with the super-strong ability to reduce carbon emissions. ② Due to contributions from change spots with carbon uptake ability, the amount of carbon released to the atmosphere was eliminated by approximately 19.21% over the period 2000-2020 and approximately 37.4% during 2000-2010. ③ Change spots on various pressure levels for reducing carbon emissions were distributed unevenly in the basin, with their gravity points in the previous 10 years （2010-2020） far away from those during 2000-2010. Additionally, the gravity points of change-spots with a strong ability to reduce carbon emissions from conversions of grassland into forestland moved northeastward from Tianshui City to Pingliang City, whereas the gravity points of other change-spots with different abilities to reduce carbon emissions were mostly northwestward to the north-central region with higher elevations from the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Weihe River Basin with low elevations. |
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