| 基于源导向和蒙特卡洛模型的广东省某城市土壤重金属健康风险评估 |
| 摘要点击 2708 全文点击 650 投稿时间：2023-05-30 修订日期：2023-07-21 |
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| 中文关键词 土壤 重金属 健康风险评估 蒙特卡洛 PMF模型 主控因子 |
| 英文关键词 soil heavy metals health risk assessment Monte Carlo PMF model master factor |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 陈莲 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所, 广州 510610 | chenlian@gdaas.cn | | 邹子航 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所, 广州 510610
广东海洋大学电子信息与工程学院, 湛江 524000 | | | 张培珍 | 广东海洋大学电子信息与工程学院, 湛江 524000 | | | 王雨菡 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所, 广州 510610
广东海洋大学电子信息与工程学院, 湛江 524000 | | | 王振江 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所, 广州 510610
农业农村部华南都市农业重点实验室, 广州 510610 | wzj@gdaas.cn | | 林森 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所, 广州 510610 | | | 唐翠明 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所, 广州 510610
农业农村部华南都市农业重点实验室, 广州 510610 | | | 罗国庆 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所, 广州 510610
农业农村部华南都市农业重点实验室, 广州 510610 | | | 钟建武 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所, 广州 510610 | | | 李智毅 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所, 广州 510610 | | | 王圆 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所, 广州 510610 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以广东省某市为研究区域,通过研究其表层土壤重金属含量及空间分布特征,明确土壤重金属污染情况和优先控制因子,为该市土壤重金属污染防治提供基础数据.对该市221个土壤样品中的重金属含量特征进行分析,并通过潜在健康风险评估（HRA）模型、PMF受体模型和蒙特卡洛模型进行潜在健康风险评估、来源解析和主控因子分析.结果发现,该市土壤重金属ω（As）、ω（Hg）、ω（Cd）、ω（Pb）、ω（Cr）、ω（Cu）、ω（Ni）和ω（Zn）的平均值分别为18.16、0.43、1.46、68.57、98.34、64.19、26.53和257.32 mg·kg-1,变异程度为中高度变异.除Ni元素以外,土壤其余重金属元素含量均已一定程度超过广东省土壤背景值,且Cd和Zn的含量已超过国家二级标准,重金属污染已较为严重；重金属来源主要为工业源,自然母质、铅蓄电池制造、交通、人为耕作和农药化肥投入也对土壤重金属累积有不可忽视的影响；土壤重金属对儿童和成人均存在一定程度的可耐受致癌健康风险,非致癌风险可以忽略不计；儿童的潜在健康风险大于成人,主要暴露途径均为经口摄入；农药化肥投入源和As应该作为该市土壤重金属影响健康风险的主控因子,其次为混合源和Cr；重金属空间分布特征及相对污染程度存在差异,应深化分区监测管控,加强土壤的污染防治,减少土壤重金属的人为输入. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Taking a city in Guangdong Province as the research area, the concentration and spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the surface soil were studied to clarify the situation of soil heavy metal pollution and priority control factors, providing basic data for the prevention and control of soil heavy metal pollution in the city. The content characteristics of heavy metals in 221 soil samples in the city were analyzed, and the potential health risk assessment and source analysis were carried out through the Monte Carlo model, the potential health risk assessment (HRA) model, and the PMF receptor model. It was found that heavy metals ω(As), ω(Hg), ω(Cd), ω(Pb), ω(Cr), ω(Cu), ω(Ni), and ω(Zn) in the soil of the city were 18.16, 0.43, 1.46, 68.57, 98.34, 64.19, 26.53, and 257.32 mg·kg-1, respectively, with a moderate to high degree of variation. Except for Ni concentration, the soil concentrations of other heavy metal elements exceeded the background values of soil in Guangdong Province to a certain extent, and the concentrations of Cd and Zn exceeded the national secondary standards, resulting in severe heavy metal pollution; the main sources of heavy metals were industrial sources, and natural parent materials, lead battery manufacturing, transportation, artificial cultivation, and pesticide and fertilizer inputs also had an undeniable impact on the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil. Heavy metals in the soil had a certain degree of tolerable carcinogenic health risk for both children and adults, whereas non-carcinogenic risks could be ignored. The potential health risk of children was greater than that of adults, and the main exposure route was through oral intake. The input sources of pesticides and fertilizers and As should be the main controlling factors for the health risks of heavy metals in the city's soil, followed by mixed sources and Cr. There were differences in the spatial distribution characteristics and relative pollution levels of heavy metals, and it is necessary to deepen zoning monitoring and control, strengthen soil pollution prevention and control, and reduce human input of heavy metals in soil. |
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