| 连作对党参根际土壤理化性质、微生物活性及群落特征的影响 |
| 摘要点击 3126 全文点击 781 投稿时间：2022-11-08 修订日期：2023-02-06 |
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| 中文关键词 党参 连作 土壤理化性质 微生物活性 微生物群落特征 |
| 英文关键词 Codonopsis pilosula continuous cropping soil physicochemical properties microbial activity characteristics of microbial community |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探究连作对党参根际土壤理化性质、土壤微生物活性和群落特征的影响.以休耕5 a再种植党参的地块（CK）和不同连作年限的党参种植田为研究对象，采用Illumina高通量测序技术结合土壤理化性质分析，探讨了党参根际土壤理化性质、微生物活性和微生物群落特征对连作年限的响应.结果表明，党参根际土壤有机碳、全磷、全氮和盐分的含量随着连作年限的延长而增加，而土壤pH值则随着连作年限的延长而降低.较CK处理，连作1 a、2 a、3 a和4 a的党参根际土壤有机碳含量分别增加了11.1%、80.5%、74.9%和78.2%，全磷含量分别增加了11.8%、52.9%、66.7%和78.4%，全氮含量分别增加了31.3%、68.8%、52.1%和56.3%.连作3 a和4 a时土壤盐分含量显著增加，较CK处理，土壤电导率分别增加了54.2%和84.7%.根际土壤中微生物生物量碳氮比随着连作年限的延长而呈现增加的趋势，土壤呼吸熵和微生物熵则呈现降低的趋势.随着连作年限的增加，土壤中细菌多样性和丰度降低，真菌多样性和丰度增加.此外，随着连作年限的增加，土壤中细菌群落之间的拮抗作用增强，而真菌群落之间则以协同作用为主.相关性分析表明，土壤全磷、速效钾、微生物生物量碳氮比、土壤呼吸熵、微生物生物量碳和电导率是影响土壤细菌群落特征变化的主要因素，而土壤全氮、速效钾、速效磷和土壤呼吸熵是影响真菌群落特征变化的主要因素.综上所述，连作显著改变了土壤的理化性质和微生物的活性，影响了土壤中细菌和真菌的丰度和多样性，使微生物间的互作关系发生变化，进而破坏了土壤中微生物群落的稳定性. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Effects of continuous cropping on rhizosphere soil physical and chemical properties, soil microbial activity, and community characteristics of Codonopsis pilosula were investigated. The C. pilosula plot(CK) fallow for five years and C. pilosula fields with different years of continuous cropping were studied using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology combined with soil physical and chemical properties analysis. The response of rhizosphere soil physical and chemical properties, microbial activities, and microbial community characteristics to continuous cropping years of C. pilosula were investigated. The results were as follows:the contents of organic carbon, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and salt in rhizosphere soil of C. pilosula increased with the extension of continuous cropping years. However, soil pH value decreased with the extension of continuous cropping years. Compared with that in the CK treatment, rhizosphere soil organic carbon content of C. pilosula in continuous cropping for one, two, three, and four years increased by 11.1%, 80.5%, 74.9%, and 78.2%, respectively. Total phosphorus content increased by 11.8%, 52.9%, 66.7%, and 78.4%, and total nitrogen content increased by 31.3%, 68.8%, 52.1%, and 56.3%, respectively. Soil salt content increased significantly under continuous cropping of three and four years, and soil conductivity increased by 54.2% and 84.7% compared with that in the CK treatment, respectively. The C/N ratio of microbial biomass in rhizosphere soil exhibited an increasing trend with the extension of continuous cropping years. Soil respiration entropy and microbial entropy showed a decreasing trend. With the increase in continuous cropping years, the diversity and abundance of bacteria in soil decreased, whereas the diversity and abundance of fungi increased. In addition, with the increase in continuous cropping years, the antagonistic effect between bacterial communities was enhanced, whereas the synergistic effect between fungal communities was mainly observed. Correlation analysis showed that soil total phosphorus, available potassium, carbon to nitrogen ratio of microbial biomass, soil respiration entropy, microbial biomass carbon, and electrical conductivity were the main factors affecting the changes in soil bacterial community characteristics. Soil total nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus, and soil respiration entropy were the main factors affecting the changes in fungal community characteristics. In conclusion, continuous cropping significantly changed the physical and chemical properties of soil and microbial activity and affected the abundance and diversity of bacteria and fungi in soil. This changed the interaction between microorganisms, which disrupted the stability of microbial communities in the soil. |
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