| 稻田土壤砷、镉复合污染阻控技术研究进展 |
| 摘要点击 3285 全文点击 814 投稿时间：2022-10-27 修订日期：2022-12-13 |
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| 中文关键词 砷、 镉复合污染 水稻田 阻控技术 研究进展 安全生产 |
| 英文关键词 arsenic and cadmium co-contamination paddy field barrier technology research advances safe production |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 砷（As）和镉（Cd）是稻田土壤中最常见的有毒有害重金属元素，且易从土壤迁移到水稻籽粒中.目前，我国稻田土壤中As和Cd及其复合污染现象普遍，对粮食安全和人体健康均构成了严重威胁.As和Cd在土壤中的环境行为相反，对As-Cd复合污染的同步治理是当前水稻安全生产的关键技术难点.通过综述近年来同步阻控水稻对As和Cd吸收以及转运的若干实用技术，包括水分管理、钝化技术、淋洗技术、电动修复技术、植物修复技术、低累积水稻品种的选取以及叶面阻控技术，归纳并分析了各种技术的处理效果、作用机制和制约因素，提出了主要阻控技术的发展方向，指出构建区域高适配性综合技术模式的重要性，以期为稻田As-Cd复合污染治理和水稻安全生产提供参考. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) are the most common toxic and harmful heavy metal elements in paddy soils and are easily transferred from the soil to grains. At present, As and Cd and their co-contamination in paddy soils in China are widespread, posing a serious threat to food security and human health. As and Cd have opposite environmental behaviors in soil, and the simultaneous remediation of co-contamination with As and Cd is a current technical difficulty for safe rice production. This review focuses on several practical techniques for simultaneous mitigation of As and Cd uptake and transport in rice in recent years, including water management, passivation, drenching techniques, electrokinetic remediation, phytoremediation, selection of low-accumulation rice varieties, and foliar spraying application. The treatment effects, mechanisms of action, and constraints of various technologies are summarized and analyzed; the development direction of the main barrier control technologies is proposed and the importance of constructing a comprehensive technology model with high regional adaptability is emphasized to provide a reference for the remediation of co-contamination with As and Cd in paddy and safe rice production. |
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