| 华北平原典型城市土壤微生物群落时空变化规律及其驱动因子 |
| 摘要点击 3489 全文点击 1040 投稿时间：2022-10-10 修订日期：2022-11-18 |
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| 中文关键词 土壤 微生物群落 多样性指数 功能基因 时空分布 驱动因素 |
| 英文关键词 soil microbial community diversity index functional genes temporal and spatial distribution driving factors |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 赵鑫宇 | 河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 河北省污染防治生物技术实验室, 石家庄 050000 | zhaoxinyu_1206@163.com | | 陈慧 | 河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 河北省污染防治生物技术实验室, 石家庄 050000 | | | 常帅 | 河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 河北省污染防治生物技术实验室, 石家庄 050000 | | | 宋圆梦 | 河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 河北省污染防治生物技术实验室, 石家庄 050000 | | | 赵波 | 河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 河北省污染防治生物技术实验室, 石家庄 050000 | | | 卢梦淇 | 河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 河北省污染防治生物技术实验室, 石家庄 050000 | | | 崔建升 | 河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 河北省污染防治生物技术实验室, 石家庄 050000 | | | 张璐璐 | 河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 河北省污染防治生物技术实验室, 石家庄 050000 | zhanglulu19850703@163.com |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 微生物群落结构和功能受多种环境因素的共同影响，为阐明典型城市土壤中微生物群落的时空变化规律及其主要影响因素，亟需开展典型城市土壤中微生物群落时空动态变化特征研究.鉴于此，选取华北平原典型城市——石家庄市为研究区，共设置12个采样点，分别于2021年6月（夏季）和9月（秋季）采集表层土壤，并利用16S rRNA高通量测序技术对土壤中微生物群落结构及功能进行研究，探究其时空变化规律；同时运用Pearson相关性分析建立微生物群落与环境因子间的相关性，识别微生物群落时空变化的主要驱动因子.结果表明：①石家庄市表层土壤中主要优势菌门为放线菌（Actinobacteriota）和变形菌（Proteobacteria）；就季节变化而言，在门水平上，Actinobacteriota和Proteobacteria相对丰度均呈降低趋势；在属水平上，夏季主要优势菌属为节杆菌属（Arthrobacter）和未知分类菌属，秋季主要优势菌属为Arthrobacter和Candidatus_Nitrocosmicus，且优势菌属呈显著季节差异（P<0.05）；②就季节变化而言，Simpson、Ace和Chao指数均值呈升高趋势，而OTU均值呈降低趋势；就空间差异而言，Shannon指数和Simpson指数呈显著空间差异（P<0.01和P<0.05）；③各类功能基因无显著季节和空间差异；其中能源生产和转换类功能基因相对丰度最高，在夏季和秋季的相对丰度分别为24.06%~24.84%和24.63%~25.98%；④微生物群落结构组成、多样性指数和功能基因与喹诺酮类抗生素（QNs）、总磷（TP）和硝氮（NO3--N）呈显著相关，且与QNs显著相关性最强（|r| >0.900）；这表明在石家庄市表层土壤中抗生素成为影响微生物群落变化的主要驱动因素.因此，为保障城市土壤中微生物群落结构和功能稳定，应进一步加强土壤中抗生素污染的综合管控. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The structure and function of microbial communities are affected by several environmental factors. To clarify the spatial-temporal changes and main influencing factors of soil microbial communities in a typical pharmaceutical city, it is urgent to study the spatial-temporal changes in microbial communities in soils for typical cities. Shijiazhuang City was selected as the study area, and 12 sampling sites were selected. The topsoil was collected in June (summer) and September (autumn) of 2021. The 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to study the structure and function of microbial communities in the soil and explore their spatial-temporal changes. Concurrently, Pearson correlation analysis was applied to establish the correlation between the microbial community and environmental factors, and identify the main driving factors of temporal and spatial changes in the microbial community. The results showed that:① Actinobaciota and Proteobateria were the main dominant bacteria in the surface soil of Shijiazhuang City; at the phylum level, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Proteobateria decreased from summer to autumn; at the genus level, the dominant genera were Arthrobacter and unknown genera in summer and Arthrobacter and Candidatus_Nitrocosmicus in autumn, which showed significant seasonal differences (P<0.05). ② For seasonal variation, the mean values of the Simpson, Ace, and Chao indices increased, whereas the mean values of OTU decreased; for spatial variation, the Shannon and Simpson indices showed significant spatial difference (P<0.01 and P<0.05). ③ There were no significant spatial-temporal differences in various functional genes; thereinto, the relative abundances of energy production and transformation functional genes were the highest (24.06%-24.84% in summer and 24.63%-25.98% in autumn, respectively). ④ The compositions of microbial community, diversity index, and functional genes were significantly correlated with quinolone antibiotics (QNs), total phosphorus (TP), and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), most significantly correlated with QNs (|r|>0.900), which indicated that antibiotics were the main driving factor of soil microbial communities. Therefore, to ensure the stability of microbial community structure and function in urban soil, the comprehensive management and control of antibiotic pollution in soil should be further strengthened. |
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