| 乌鲁木齐市郊农田土壤及农作物中多环芳烃的污染特征及风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 2820 全文点击 823 投稿时间：2022-07-22 修订日期：2022-09-13 |
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| 中文关键词 多环芳烃(PAHs) 农田土壤 农作物 污染特征 风险评价 |
| 英文关键词 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) farmland soil crops pollution characteristics risk evaluation |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 范悦 | 新疆大学生态与环境学院, 乌鲁木齐 830017
绿洲生态教育部重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830017
新疆精河温带荒漠生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站, 乌鲁木齐 830017 | 313239866@qq.com | | 曹双瑜 | 新疆农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830091
农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(乌鲁木齐), 乌鲁木齐 830091 | | | 艾力江·努尔拉 | 新疆大学生态与环境学院, 乌鲁木齐 830017
绿洲生态教育部重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830017
新疆精河温带荒漠生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站, 乌鲁木齐 830017 | aljnel@xju.edu.cn | | 于苏云江·吗米提敏 | 新疆大学地理与遥感科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830017 | | | 阿不都艾尼·阿不里 | 新疆大学地理与遥感科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830017 | | | 谢宣宣 | 新疆大学生态与环境学院, 乌鲁木齐 830017
绿洲生态教育部重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830017
新疆精河温带荒漠生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站, 乌鲁木齐 830017 | | | 古丽斯坦·阿不都拉 | 新疆农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830091
农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(乌鲁木齐), 乌鲁木齐 830091 | | | 刘河疆 | 新疆农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830091
农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(乌鲁木齐), 乌鲁木齐 830091 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了解土壤和农作物中PAHs的赋存情况，探究不同农作物对PAHs的富集能力和农作物不同部位中PAHs的分布特征，以乌鲁木齐周边农田种植的农作物和土壤为例，于2021年7月在乌鲁木齐市郊农田聚集区进行样品采集，共采集农作物样品100份，农作物种类达21种，表层土壤样品45份.结果表明，土壤和农作物中16种PAHs均被检出.农田土壤中ω（总PAHs）范围为19.06~1870.86 μg ·kg-1，平均值为127.40 μg ·kg-1，7种致癌性PAHs占16种PAHs的42.85%~79.20%，其中BaP为土壤中主要污染物.经过特征比值法发现，土壤中PAHs的主要来源为生物质、煤等的燃烧.农作物中ω（总PAHs）范围为1.86~974.05 μg ·kg-1，平均值为303.30 μg ·kg-1.不同作物对PAHs的富集能力不同，在采集到的21种农作物中，南瓜体内的ω（PAHs）累计值最高（431.75 μg ·kg-1）.叶菜类作物中，叶片部位的PAHs含量高于根部和果实部位；果菜类作物中，果实部位高于根部或叶部.土壤中高环PAHs和植物叶片中的PAHs显著相关.对农作物中PAHs进行健康风险评估，结果表明，膳食摄入存在潜在致癌风险，在成年男性和女性群体中甚至存在高致癌风险，需引起关注. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to understand the occurrence of PAHs in soil and crops, the enrichment capacity of different crops for PAHs, and the distribution characteristics of PAHs in different parts of crops, the crops and soil planted in the farmland around Urumqi were studied as examples. Samples were collected in the farmland gathering area in the suburb of Urumqi in July 2021. A total of 100 crop samples were collected, including 21 crop species and 45 surface soil samples. The results showed that 16 types of PAHs were detected in the soil and crops. The total concentration of PAHs in farmland soil ranged from 19.06 to 1870.86 μg·kg-1, and the average concentration was 127.40 μg·kg-1. Seven carcinogenic PAHs accounted for 42.85%-79.20% of the 16 types of PAHs, among which BaP was the main pollutant in the soil. Through the characteristic ratio method, it was found that the main sources of PAHs in the soil were biomass and coal combustion. Total PAHs in crops ranged from 1.86 μg·kg-1 to 974.05 μg·kg-1, with an average of 303.30 μg·kg-1. Different crops had different enrichment capacities for PAHs. Among the 21 crops sampled, the accumulative content of PAHs in pumpkin was the highest (431.75 μg·kg-1). In leaf vegetable crops, the content of PAHs in leaves was higher than that in roots and fruits. In fruit and vegetable crops, the PAH content in fruit was higher than that in the root or leaf. There was a significant correlation between high cyclic PAHs in soil and PAHs in plant leaves. The health risk assessment of PAHs in crops showed that dietary intake had potential carcinogenic risk and even had high carcinogenic risk in adult male and female groups, which requires further attention. |
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