| 东部平原矿区复垦土壤微生物群落特征及其组装过程 |
| 摘要点击 1598 全文点击 555 投稿时间：2021-10-05 修订日期：2021-11-16 |
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| 中文关键词 土地复垦 微生物群落 生态网络 关键类群 群落组装 |
| 英文关键词 land reclamation microbial community ecological network key species community assembly |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 复垦对恢复矿区土壤生产力极为重要，但复垦土壤生产力重建的微生物学机制尚不清晰.为此，采集复垦8 a、复垦11 a、复垦14 a和复垦17 a这4个复垦时长和1个未复垦对照共75个表层土样进行16S rRNA扩增子高通量测序，分析微生物群落组成、潜在功能及其组装机制.结果表明：①群落丰富度随复垦时间增加而增加，且高于对照样.但群落多样性和均匀度却随复垦时间增加而降低（P<0.05）；②复垦土壤中酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）占主导地位，且前两者相对丰度显著高于对照样（P<0.05），后两者则相反（P<0.05）；③复垦土壤中辅酶转运与代谢、翻译、核糖体结构与生物发生等8种功能呈正向演替，随复垦时长不断增强；④平原矿区微生物群落生态网络模块性良好，且关键类群多属酸杆菌门和拟杆菌门.群落组装以确定性过程为主导，同质性选择贡献最大，主要受当地特殊环境操控.这些发现为改善复垦土壤生产力和生态服务提供了理论依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Understanding how soil microorganisms respond to land reclamation is essential to evaluating the success of ecological restoration actions in disturbed mine soil. However, the microbiological mechanism referred to as productivity reconstruction of the reclaimed soil is still unclear. To shed light on this mechanism, a total of 75 soil samples were collected for 16S rRNA amplicon high-throughput sequencing. The five sampling sites contained four reclamation plots (reclaimed 8 a, 11 a, 14 a, and 17 a) and 1 non-reclaimed plot, which served as the control sampling site. The microbial community composition, potential functions, and assembly mechanisms were also analyzed. The results showed that:①the richness of the microbial community increased with the reclamation time and was higher than that of the control site. However, the community diversity and evenness decreased with the increasing reclamation year (P<0.05). ②Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes dominated in the reclaimed soil, and the relative abundances of the first two phyla were significantly higher than that of the control (P<0.05), whereas the latter two presented the opposite trends (P<0.05). ③ Eight functions, including coenzyme transport and metabolism, translation, ribosomal structure, and biogenesis, showed a positive succession in the reclamation sites and enhanced with increasing reclamation years. ④ The molecular ecological networks of the microbial community in the plain mining area were well modular, whereas the key microbial groups belonged to the Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes. The microbial communities were dominantly assembled with the deterministic process, and the homogeneous selection contributed the most, which might have been mainly controlled by the local special environment. The results presented herein will undoubtedly aid in the establishment of success indicators of ecological restoration activities in disturbed mining soil. These findings also provide the theoretical basis for improving the productivity and ecological services of reclaimed soil. |
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