| 添加有机物料对豫中烟田土壤呼吸的影响 |
| 摘要点击 1504 全文点击 492 投稿时间：2021-09-01 修订日期：2021-11-16 |
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| 中文关键词 有机物料 土壤呼吸 自养呼吸 异养呼吸 植烟土壤 |
| 英文关键词 organic materials soil respiration autotrophic respiration heterotrophic respiration tobacco-growing soil |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 鲁琪飞 | 河南农业大学烟草学院, 国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地, 郑州 450002 | 7718531@qq.com | | 叶协锋 | 河南农业大学烟草学院, 国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地, 郑州 450002 | | | 韩金 | 河南农业大学烟草学院, 国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地, 郑州 450002 | | | 潘昊东 | 河南农业大学烟草学院, 国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地, 郑州 450002 | | | 张明杰 | 河南农业大学烟草学院, 国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地, 郑州 450002 | | | 王晶 | 河南农业大学烟草学院, 国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地, 郑州 450002 | | | 杨佳豪 | 河南农业大学烟草学院, 国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地, 郑州 450002 | | | 姚鹏伟 | 河南农业大学烟草学院, 国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地, 郑州 450002 | ypw198612@163.com | | 李雪利 | 中国烟草总公司职工进修学院, 郑州 450008 | lixueli917@163.com |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 采用田间试验，设置不施肥（NF）、单施化肥（NPK）、化肥+黑麦草（NPKG）、化肥+小麦秸秆（NPKS）和化肥+烟秆生物炭（NPKB）这5个处理，通过测定烤烟生育期土壤总呼吸速率（Rs）及其组分以及环境因子的动态变化，探讨了添加不同有机物料对烟田土壤呼吸的影响.结果表明：①与NPK相比，NPKG和NPKS降低了土壤总呼吸和异养呼吸温度敏感性（Q10），NPKB提高了异养呼吸Q10；土壤呼吸与土壤水热因子的双因素拟合模型能解释土壤呼吸变化50%~80%.②添加有机物料显著提高了土壤可溶性有机碳（DOC）含量和根系干物质量，土壤异养呼吸（Rh）与DOC含量呈显著线性回归关系，土壤自养呼吸（Ra）与根系生物量呈显著抛物线型关系，R2为0.327~0.634.③烤烟生育期土壤呼吸呈先增加后降低趋势.与NF相比，NPK处理显著增加了土壤呼吸及其组分；与NPK相比，NPKG、NPKS和NPKB处理Rs速率分别显著提高20.08%、10.32%和9.88%，Rh速率分别显著提高24.21%、16.51%和11.68%，且NPKG处理Ra速率显著提高15.12%.综上所述，秸秆还田和添加生物炭主要通过提高土壤DOC促进Rh和Rs；翻压黑麦草既提高了Rh，同时也通过促进根系生长发育而提高Ra，进而提高Rs. |
| 英文摘要 |
| A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different organic material amendments on soil respiration in a flue-cured tobacco field. Five treatments were set up:no fertilizer (NF), chemical fertilizer (NPK), chemical fertilizer+ryegrass (NPKG), chemical fertilizer+wheat straw (NPKS), and chemical fertilizer+tobacco straw biochar (NPKB). The results showed that:① Compared with that under NPK, NPKG and NPKS decreased the temperature sensitivity (Q10) of total soil respiration and heterotrophic respiration, whereas NPKB increased the Q10 of heterotrophic respiration. The two-factor fitting model of soil respiration and soil hydrothermal factors accounted for 50%-80% of the variation in soil respiration. ② The addition of organic materials significantly increased the content of soil soluble organic carbon (DOC) and root dry matter. Soil heterotrophic respiration(Rh) was significantly positively correlated with DOC content, and soil autotrophic respiration(Ra) was significantly parabolically correlated with root biomass, with an R2 of 0.327-0.634. ③ Soil respiration increased first and then decreased during the tobacco growth period. Compared with that under the NF treatment, the NPK treatment significantly promoted soil respiration and its components. Compared with those of the NPK treatment, Rsrates were significantly increased by 20.08%, 10.32%, and 9.88% under the NPKG, NPKS, and NPKB treatments, respectively; Rh rate increased by 24.21%, 16.51%, and 11.68% respectively, and Ra rate was increased by 15.12% in the NPKG treatment. In summary, straw returning and biochar addition significantly increased Rh by increasing soil DOC, thereby promoting Rs. Incorporation of ryegrass not only increased the Rh but also increased Ra by promoting the growth and development of roots and therefore the Rs. |
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