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近40年来福建省水稻土有效磷富集效应及潜在生态风险评估
摘要点击 1514  全文点击 493  投稿时间:2021-08-14  修订日期:2021-11-26
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中文关键词  有效磷  磷素富集  生态风险  1:5万土壤数据库  时空演变
英文关键词  available phosphorus  phosphorus enrichment  ecological risk  1:50000 soil database  spatiotemporal variability
作者单位E-mail
陈中星 福建农林大学资源与环境学院, 福州 350002
土壤生态系统健康与调控福建省高校重点实验室, 福州 350002 
miruo1203@163.com 
邱龙霞 福建农林大学资源与环境学院, 福州 350002
土壤生态系统健康与调控福建省高校重点实验室, 福州 350002 
 
陈瀚阅 福建农林大学资源与环境学院, 福州 350002
土壤生态系统健康与调控福建省高校重点实验室, 福州 350002 
 
范协裕 福建农林大学资源与环境学院, 福州 350002
土壤生态系统健康与调控福建省高校重点实验室, 福州 350002 
 
毋亭 福建农林大学资源与环境学院, 福州 350002
土壤生态系统健康与调控福建省高校重点实验室, 福州 350002 
 
沈金泉 福建省农田建设与土壤肥料技术总站, 福州 350003  
邢世和 福建农林大学资源与环境学院, 福州 350002
土壤生态系统健康与调控福建省高校重点实验室, 福州 350002 
 
张黎明 福建农林大学资源与环境学院, 福州 350002
土壤生态系统健康与调控福建省高校重点实验室, 福州 350002 
fjaulmzhang@163.com 
中文摘要
      水稻土磷素流失引起的水体富营养化等生态风险已受到普遍关注,而明确其动态变化和富集效应是制定合理防控措施的基础.以福建省1.8×106 hm2水稻土为研究对象,以1982年全国第二次土壤普查1471个、2008年农业农村部测土配方施肥项目215534个和2018年农业农村部耕地质量监测项目2895个表层水稻土样点建立的1:5万三期大比例尺土壤数据库为基础,分析全省水稻土有效磷含量近40年来的富集效应及潜在生态风险.结果表明,1982~2018年间福建省水稻土有效磷含量增加了47 mg ·kg-1,富集面积达到1.65×106 hm2,占全省水稻土总面积的91%;其中,1982~2008年福建省水稻土有效磷含量增加了28 mg ·kg-1,富集面积为1.47×106 hm2,占全省水稻土总面积的82%;2008~2018年福建省水稻土有效磷含量增加了19 mg ·kg-1,富集面积为1.22×106 hm2,占全省水稻土总面积的69%.进一步的潜在生态风险评估表明,2008~2018年全省处于磷素富集生态风险的水稻土面积呈逐增加趋势,且主要分布于坡度低于2°的渗育和潴育水稻土,今后应根据不同水稻土亚类和地形地貌区制定有效的磷施肥管理措施,以防止水体富营养化等环境问题发生.
英文摘要
      The ecological risks such as water eutrophication caused by soil phosphorus loss have attracted extensive attention, and its dynamic changes and enrichment effects are the basis for formulating reasonable control measures. In this study, based on the paddy soils of 1.8×106 hm2 in Fujian province, the dynamic changes and ecological risks of available phosphorus in paddy soils over the past 40 years were analyzedusing a soil database of 1:50000. The soil database contained 1471, 215534, and 2895 paddy soil samples in different periods, respectively. The paddy soil samples were derived from the 1982 Second National Soil Census, the 2008 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas Soil Testing and Formulated Fertilization Project and the 2018 Ministry of Agriculture, and the Rural Areas Arable Land Quality Monitoring Project, respectively. The results showed that from 1982 to 2018, the content of available phosphorus in paddy soils increased by 47 mg·kg-1, and the enriched area reached 1.65×106 hm2, accounting for 91% of the total paddy soils in Fujian province. From 1982 to 2008, the available phosphorus content of paddy soils in Fujian province increased by 28 mg·kg-1, with the enriched area reaching 1.47×106 hm2, accounting for 82% of the total paddy soils in Fujian province. From 2008 to 2018, the available phosphorus content of paddy soils in Fujian province increased by 19 mg·kg-1, with the enriched area reaching 1.22×106 hm2, accounting for 69% of the total paddy soils in Fujian province. Further ecological risk assessment showed that from 2008 to 2018, the area of paddy soil with ecological phosphorus enrichment risk in the province gradually increased, mainly distributed in percogenic paddy soils and hydromorphic paddy soils with a slope of less than 2°. In the future, effective phosphorus fertilizer management measures should be formulated for different types of paddy soil to prevent the occurrence of environmental problems such as water eutrophication.

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