| 泗河水系沉积物磷的存在形态及其空间分布特征 |
| 摘要点击 1565 全文点击 610 投稿时间：2021-08-21 修订日期：2021-11-24 |
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| 中文关键词 沉积物 磷(P) 形态 分布 泗河 |
| 英文关键词 sediment phosphorus (P) forms distribution Sihe River |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 基于对南水北调东线工程典型河流——泗河水系表层与柱状沉积物中磷的含量、存在形态和空间分布特征进行研究的基础上，进一步探讨了总磷（TP）及各形态磷与沉积物基本理化性质之间的关系和生态学意义.运用连续提取法将沉积物中的磷划分为可溶态或弱吸附态磷（S/L-P）、铝结合态磷（Al-P）、铁结合态磷（Fe-P）、还原态磷（RS-P）、钙结合态磷（Ca-P）和残渣态磷（RES-P）.结果表明，泗河水系表层沉积物ω（TP）为421.84~1188.65 mg ·kg-1；6种磷的形态中，含量最高的是Ca-P，占TP的40%以上；其次为Fe-P，占TP的20%以上；含量最低的是S/L-P，仅占TP的0.4%左右；河流下游表层沉积物中TP及各形态磷的含量普遍高于上游，这可能与下游附近城区工业废水和生活污水的大量排入有关.沉积物剖面TP含量上层样品中呈明显高于下层，说明近年来泗河水体磷污染呈加剧趋势；沉积物剖面各形态磷中Ca-P所占质量分数最大，其次是RES-P.相关性分析结果表明，表层沉积物中Fe与Fe-P、Al与Al-P、Ca与Ca-P和TOC与RS-P之间呈显著相关性；而在沉积物剖面中，上述相关性不显著.Fe与TP量比的计算结果表明，泗河水系沉积物具有进一步积累磷的能力；沉积物中生物可利用磷（BAP）占TP的质量分数为25%~50%. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Based on the study of the content, forms, and spatial distribution of phosphorus (P) in the surface and columnar sediments of the Sihe River, the relationships between the total phosphorus (TP) and various forms of P and the basic physical and chemical properties of sediment and their ecological significance were deeply discussed. The forms of P in the sediment were defined including soluble and loosely bound P (S/L-P), Al-bound P (Al-P), Fe-bound P (Fe-P), reductant soluble P (RS-P), Ca-bound P (Ca-P), and residual P (RES-P) using the method of selectively sequential extraction. The results indicated that ω (TP) was 421.84-1188.65 mg·kg-1 in the surface sediment. Among the six forms of P, the content of Ca-P was the highest, accounting for more than 40% of TP, followed by the content of Fe-P, accounting for more than 20% of TP. The content of S/L-P was the lowest, which only accounted for approximately 0.4% of TP. The contents of TP and various forms of P in the surface sediments of the downstream area of the Sihe River were higher than those of the upstream area of the river, which was induced by the discharge of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage in the urban areas nearby the downstream portion of the Sihe River. The contents of TP in the upper samples of the two sediment profiles were obviously higher than those in the bottom samples, indicating that the P pollution in the water environment of the Sihe River has been intensifying in recent years. Among all forms of P in the sediment profiles, Ca-P accounted for the largest proportion, followed by Res-P. The correlation analysis results showed that significant correlations were observed between Fe and Fe-P, Al and Al-P, Ca and Ca-P, and TOC and RS-P in the surface sediments; the same correlations had not been found in the sediment profiles. The calculated results of Fe and TP molar ratio indicated that the sediments of the Sihe River could further accumulate P. The percentage of bioavailable P (BAP) in sediment was 25%-50%. |
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