| 不同原料生物炭的理化特性及其作炭基肥缓释载体的潜力评价 |
| 摘要点击 1850 全文点击 536 投稿时间：2021-08-04 修订日期：2021-09-27 |
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| 中文关键词 生物炭 灰色关联度 炭基肥缓释载体 杜仲枝条 经济评估 |
| 英文关键词 biochar grey correlation degree slow-release carriers of biochar-based fertilizers Eucommia ulmoides branches economic evaluation |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 邢莉彬 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | Xinglb@nwafu.edu.cn | | 成洁 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | | | 耿增超 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | gengzengchao@126.com | | 张宏伟 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | | | 梁宏旭 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | | | 王强 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | | | 孙倩倩 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | | | 李艳 | 陕西省耕地质量与农业环境保护工作站, 西安 710000 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 生物炭作炭基肥缓释载体的能力与其理化性质密切相关，因此在制备炭基肥前有必要对不同原料和热解温度制备的生物炭的理化性质进行评价.以苹果枝条、棉秆和杜仲枝条为原料，通过生物质干馏设备在400、500、600和700℃热解温度下制备生物炭，并对生物炭的pH、比表面积及孔隙结构、表面官能团和矿物组成等理化性质进行表征和灰色关联度分析，结合生产成本评价生物炭用于炭基肥缓释载体的潜力.结果表明，3种原料制备的生物炭的产率均随热解温度的升高而降低，其中400℃制备的苹果枝条生物炭的产率最高（37.4%）.所有生物炭的pH值均>10，表现出强碱性.在400~500℃热解温度范围内，苹果枝条、棉秆和杜仲枝条生物炭的比表面积和总孔容随温度的升高增大，最大比表面积分别为265.2627、107.4491和316.1854 m2 ·g-1；当热解温度>500℃时，比表面积和总孔容减小.FTIR和XRD图谱分析表明，所有生物炭具有丰富的芳香结构，其中苹果枝条和棉秆生物炭含有较多的矿物组分，杜仲枝条生物炭为非晶生物炭.灰色关联分析表明当热解温度为500℃时，杜仲枝条生物炭的理化性质最优，苹果枝条生物炭次之，棉秆生物炭最差.然而，杜仲枝条生物炭的生产成本最高，苹果枝条生物炭次之，棉秆生物炭最低.综合考虑，苹果枝条生物炭作炭基肥缓释载体的潜力更大. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The ability of biochar to be a slow-release carrier for biochar-based fertilizers is closely related to its physicochemical properties. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the physicochemical properties of biochars prepared from different feedstocks and pyrolysis temperatures before preparing biochar-based fertilizers. Here, biochars were prepared from apple pruning branches, cotton stalks, and Eucommia ulmoides branches through biomass dry distillation equipment at different pyrolysis temperatures (400, 500, 600, and 700℃), and the physicochemical properties of biochars, such as pH, thermal stability, BET surface area and pore structure, surface functional groups, and mineral composition, were characterized. Gray correlation analysis and economic evaluation were performed to evaluate the potential of biochars as slow-release carriers for biochar-based fertilizers. The results showed that the yield of biochars prepared from the three different feedstocks decreased with the increase in pyrolysis temperature, and the yield of apple branch biochar prepared at 400℃ was the highest (37.4%). The pHs of all biochars were greater than 10, indicating strong alkalinity. In the pyrolysis temperature range of 400-500℃, the BET surface area and total pore volume of apple branch, cotton stalk, and E. ulmoides branch biochars increased with the increase in temperature, and the maximum BET surface areas were 265.2627, 107.4491, and 316.1854 m2·g-1, respectively. When the pyrolysis temperature was greater than 500℃, the BET surface area and total pore volume decreased. FTIR and XRD pattern analysis showed that the biochars had a rich aromatic structure, among which the apple branch and cotton straw biochars contained more mineral components, and E. ulmoides branch biochars were amorphous. Grey correlation analysis showed that when the pyrolysis temperature was 500℃, the physicochemical properties of biochar prepared from the E. ulmoides branches were the best, followed by those of apple pruning branches, and those of biochar from cotton stalks were the worst. However, E. ulmoides branch biochar had the highest production cost, followed by that of apple pruning branch and cotton stalk biochar. After comprehensive considerations, the apple pruning branch biochar overall had greater potential as a carrier for BFs. |
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