| 基于Meta分析的不同生产条件下秸秆还田对土壤氨挥发的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2055 全文点击 560 投稿时间：2021-07-10 修订日期：2021-08-27 |
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| 中文关键词 秸秆 氨挥发 减排效果 自然因素 管理措施 |
| 英文关键词 straw ammonia volatilization emission reduction effect natural factor management measures |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 赵政鑫 | 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 杨凌 712100
西北农林科技大学中国旱区农业节水研究院, 杨凌 712100 | 15840121398@nwafu.edu.cn | | 王晓云 | 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 杨凌 712100
西北农林科技大学中国旱区农业节水研究院, 杨凌 712100 | | | 田雅洁 | 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 杨凌 712100
西北农林科技大学中国旱区农业节水研究院, 杨凌 712100 | | | 王锐 | 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 杨凌 712100
西北农林科技大学中国旱区农业节水研究院, 杨凌 712100 | | | 彭青 | 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 杨凌 712100
西北农林科技大学中国旱区农业节水研究院, 杨凌 712100 | | | 蔡焕杰 | 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 杨凌 712100
西北农林科技大学中国旱区农业节水研究院, 杨凌 712100 | caihj@nwsuaf.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探明不同生产条件下中国农田土壤氨挥发对秸秆还田的响应，通过搜集已发表的试验数据，以秸秆不还田作为对照，基于Meta分析研究了在不同自然因素和农田管理措施条件下，秸秆还田对土壤氨挥发的影响效应.同时通过偏相关分析，找出秸秆还田条件下氨挥发损失的主要影响因素并进行量化.结果表明，秸秆还田能够减少农田土壤氨挥发损失，其减排作用随生育期累积降水量的增高而减弱，随生育期均温的增高而增强；当土壤pH<6时，秸秆还田显著促进土壤氨挥发，pH ≥ 6时，秸秆还田会显著抑制土壤氨挥发；秸秆还田对土壤氨挥发的减排效果随土壤黏粒含量的增大而增强；当土壤全氮<0.1%和>0.2%时，秸秆还田显著抑制土壤氨挥发，当土壤全氮在0.1%~0.2%时，秸秆还田会显著促进土壤氨挥发；当施氮量在60~180 kg·hm-2和施氮量>240 kg·hm-2时，秸秆还田会显著降低土壤氨挥发量（P<0.05），而施氮量在180~240 kg·hm-2时，秸秆还田显著促进土壤氨挥发；以翻耕或旋耕方式进行秸秆还田会显著抑制土壤氨挥发，而秸秆以覆盖方式还田对土壤氨挥发无显著影响；当秸秆C/N>45时，秸秆还田会显著抑制土壤氨挥发，当秸秆C/N ≤ 45时，秸秆还田会显著促进土壤氨挥发；秸秆还田对土壤氨挥发的减排作用随秸秆还田量的增高而增强；在非水田中秸秆还田对土壤氨挥发有显著抑制作用，在水田中秸秆还田对土壤氨挥发具有显著促进作用；偏相关分析结果表明，在水田中，生育期均温和土壤pH值是影响秸秆还田条件下土壤氨挥发的主要因素；在非水田中，施氮量和秸秆C/N是影响秸秆还田条件下土壤氨挥发的主要因素.可为科学合理利用秸秆实现农田氨挥发减排提供参考. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to explore the response of Chinese farmland soil ammonia volatilization to straw returning to the field under different production conditions, this study used no straw returning as a control. Through the collection of published literature test data, the Meta-analysis method was used to quantitatively study the effects of different natural factors and, under the conditions of farmland management measures, the effect of returning straw to the field on the emission reduction of soil ammonia volatilization. At the same time, through partial correlation analysis, the main influencing factors of ammonia volatilization under the condition of returning straw to the field were found, and the ammonia volatilization was quantified. The results showed that the effect of straw returning on soil ammonia volatilization decreased with the increase in accumulated rainfall during the growth period and increased with the increase in average temperature during the growth period. When the soil pH was less than 6, straw returning to the field significantly promoted soil ammonia volatilization, and when the pH was ≥ 6, returning straw to the field significantly inhibited ammonia volatilization in the soil. The reduction effect of returning straw to the field on soil ammonia volatilization increased with the increase in soil clay content. When the total soil nitrogen content was <0.1% and >0.2%, returning the straw to the field significantly inhibited the volatilization of soil ammonia, and when the total soil nitrogen content was between 0.1% and 0.2%, returning the straw to the field significantly promoted the volatilization of ammonia from the soil. When the nitrogen application rate was 60-180 kg·hm-2 and the nitrogen application rate was >240 kg·hm-2, returning straw to the field significantly reduced soil ammonia volatilization (P<0.05), and when nitrogen application rate was 180-240 kg·hm-2, returning straw to the field significantly promoted ammonia volatilization in the soil. Returning straw to the field by plowing or rotary tillage significantly inhibited ammonia volatilization in the soil, whereas returning straw to the field in a mulching mode had no significant effect on ammonia volatilization. When the straw C/N>45, it significantly inhibited ammonia volatilization from the soil, and when the straw C/N ≤ 45, the straw returning to the field significantly promoted the ammonia volatilization of the soil. The reduction effect of straw returning on ammonia volatilization increased with the increase in straw-returning amount. In non-paddy fields, returning straw to the field had a significant inhibitory effect on soil ammonia volatilization, and in paddy fields, returning straw to the field had a significant effect on soil ammonia volatilization. The results of partial correlation analysis showed that in paddy fields, the average growth period and soil pH were the main factors affecting soil ammonia volatilization under the condition of returning straw to the field, and in non-paddy fields, nitrogen application rate and straw C/N were the main factors affecting the conditions. This study can provide reference for the scientific and rational use of straw to achieve ammonia volatilization emission reduction in farmland. |
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