| 不同种植年限蔬菜大棚土壤特性、重金属累积和生态风险 |
| 摘要点击 2122 全文点击 654 投稿时间：2021-04-23 修订日期：2021-07-11 |
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| 中文关键词 种植年限 大棚土壤 重金属 形态 风险评估 |
| 英文关键词 planting years greenhouse soil heavy metals fraction risk assessment |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 任强 | 河南大学环境与规划国家级教学示范中心, 开封 475004
河南大学地理与环境学院, 开封 475004 | 1610131137@vip.henu.edu.cn | | 孙瑞玲 | 河南省濮阳市生态环境局濮阳县分局, 濮阳 457100 | | | 郑凯旋 | 河南大学环境与规划国家级教学示范中心, 开封 475004
河南大学地理与环境学院, 开封 475004 | | | 刘祎丹 | 河南大学环境与规划国家级教学示范中心, 开封 475004
河南大学地理与环境学院, 开封 475004 | | | 阮心玲 | 河南大学环境与规划国家级教学示范中心, 开封 475004
河南大学地理与环境学院, 开封 475004
河南大学河南省土壤重金属污染控制与修复工程研究中心, 开封 475004 | | | 王洋洋 | 河南大学环境与规划国家级教学示范中心, 开封 475004
河南大学地理与环境学院, 开封 475004
河南大学河南省土壤重金属污染控制与修复工程研究中心, 开封 475004 | wangyy@henu.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以河南省汝州市杨楼镇蔬菜大棚土壤为研究对象，探究不同种植年限蔬菜大棚土壤理化性质、重金属总量和赋存形态的差异规律，并利用单项潜在生态风险指数法和综合潜在生态风险指数法对不同种植年限大棚土壤中重金属的潜在生态风险进行评估.结果表明，与对照组相比，蔬菜大棚土壤pH均有所提高，有机质、速效磷和碱解氮等肥力组分有一定程度的累积，但过氧化氢酶活性呈下降趋势.相关性分析显示，种植年限与pH值（P<0.05）和有机质（P<0.01）呈显著正相关，与过氧化氢酶活性呈显著负相关（P<0.01）.蔬菜大棚土壤重金属含量随着蔬菜大棚种植年限的增加而增加，其中Cu、Zn和Cd的增加最为明显，最大增幅分别为129.14%、204.17%和161.11%.蔬菜大棚土壤重金属弱酸提取态和可还原态含量所占的比例也会随着蔬菜大棚种植年限逐渐增加，而残渣态所占比例逐渐减少，从而造成土壤重金属更容易被植物吸收.单项潜在生态风险指数评价结果显示，蔬菜大棚土壤中Cd随着种植年限的增加具有很强的生态风险，而Cu、Pb、Zn和Ni则属于轻度生态风险，综合潜在生态风险指数评价显示，各种植年限蔬菜大棚土壤重金属均具有较强或很强的生态风险. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The vegetable greenhouse soils in Yanglou Town, Ruzhou City, Henan Province were taken as the research object in the present study to explore the difference in soil physical and chemical properties and the total and fraction of heavy metals of different planting years. The potential ecological risks of heavy metals in greenhouse soils with different planting years were assessed by using single and comprehensive potential ecological risk index methods. The results showed that the soil pH of vegetable greenhouses increased, and fertility factors such as organic matter, available phosphorus, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen accumulated to a certain extent compared to the control group, whereas catalase showed a decreasing trend. Correlation analysis showed that the planting years were significant positively correlated with pH (P<0.05) and organic matter (P<0.01) and significant negatively correlated with catalase (P<0.01). The amount of heavy metals in the vegetable greenhouse soils increased with the increase in planting years, among which Cu, Zn, and Cd increased most obviously, with maximum increases of 129.14%, 204.17%, and 161.11%, respectively. The proportion of acid-soluble and reducible heavy metals in the vegetable greenhouse soils also increased gradually with the planting years, and the proportion of residual heavy metals decreased correspondingly, which resulted in the heavy metals transforming into fractions easily absorbed by plants. The results of the single potential ecological risk index showed that Cd in vegetable greenhouse soils had a strong ecological risk with the increase in planting years, whereas Cu, Pb, Zn, and Ni were in the mild risk category. The comprehensive potential ecological risk index showed that the heavy metals in the vegetable greenhouse soils of different planting years have reached a strong or very strong ecological risk. |
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