| 雨源型城市河流水污染特征及水质联合评价:以深圳龙岗河为例 |
| 摘要点击 2375 全文点击 661 投稿时间：2021-05-12 修订日期：2021-07-29 |
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| 中文关键词 龙岗河 水质评价 单因子评价法 综合污染指数法 主成分分析法 |
| 英文关键词 Longgang River water quality assessment single-factor assessment method comprehensive pollution index method principal component analysis method |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 毕业亮 | 河北工程大学水利水电学院, 邯郸 056038
中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085 | slgcbyl@163.com | | 王华彩 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085 | | | 夏兵 | 深圳市北林苑景观及建筑规划设计院有限公司, 深圳 518038 | | | 姜参参 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085 | | | 吴伟业 | 深圳市环境科学研究院, 深圳 518001 | | | 李志林 | 深圳市环境科学研究院, 深圳 518001 | | | 李诗敏 | 深圳市环境科学研究院, 深圳 518001 | | | 宿辉 | 河北工程大学水利水电学院, 邯郸 056038 | | | 白志辉 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085 | | | 徐圣君 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085 | sjxu@rcees.ac.cn | | 庄绪亮 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 雨源型城市河流水环境容量小，易受污染，识别河流水质的主要污染特征并进行科学地水质联合评价是水环境治理的重要工作.2018年，选取典型雨源型城市河流深圳龙岗河的12个监测位点进行水质监测，按照《地表水环境质量标准GB 3838-2002》对22个水质指标进行分析，采用单因子评价法、综合污染指数法和主成分分析法对龙岗河水质进行综合评价.单因子评价结果显示，龙岗河所有位点均达到地表水Ⅴ类水质标准及以上，其中田脚水和龙西河分别达到地表水Ⅳ类和Ⅲ类水质标准；综合污染指数评价结果显示，所有位点水质状况均为清洁或较清洁；综合污染指数法和主成分综合得分均显示，所有位点中龙西河、南约河和田脚水的水质最好，梧桐山河、大康河、爱联河、丁山河和黄沙河还有较大的提升空间，且需要着重考虑营养盐（TN、TP和NH4+-N）、有机物（COD和BOD5）、粪大肠菌群和阴离子表面活性剂等指标.3种评价结果存在差异，但均能从定性和定量的不同角度反映河流水质状况，因此综合采用多种评价方法能更好地反映雨源型城市河流的水质特征. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Rain-source urban rivers are an important part of the urban ecosystem. Due to the small water environment capacity and the rapid development of the regional economy and society, they are vulnerable to serious pollution. The goal of this study was to identify the main pollution characteristics of river water quality and to carry out a scientific comprehensive water quality assessment. Water samples from 12 sampling locations of the Longgang River in Shenzhen, a typical rain-source urban river, were collected from January to December in 2018. According to the Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002), 22 water quality indicators were analyzed, and the water quality of Longgang River was comprehensively evaluated using the single-factor assessment method, comprehensive pollution index method, and principal component analysis method. The results of the single-factor assessment method showed that water quality of all sampling sites of the Longgang River met the Class V of the Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002), and the Tiaojiao Shui and Longxi River met the Class Ⅳ and Class Ⅲ of the Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002), respectively. The results of the comprehensive pollution index method showed that the water quality of 12 sampling sites was clean or relatively clean. Both the results of the comprehensive pollution index and principal component comprehensive score showed that the water quality of Longxi River, Nanyue River, and Tianjiao Shui were the best among all sampling sites. There is still room for improvement in the Wutongshan River, Dakang River, Ailian River, Dingshan River, and Huangsha River, and significant consideration should be given to parameters such as nutrients (TN, TP, and NH4+-N), organic matter (COD and BOD5), fecal coliform, and anionic surfactants. The three methods were a combination of qualitative and quantitative evaluation. The results of each method were not identical. Thus, it is very necessary to explore the comprehensive water quality assessment using various methods for making scientific and reasonable water pollution control strategies. |
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