| 洞庭湖及入湖河流中209种多氯联苯同类物分布特征与风险评估 |
| 摘要点击 1751 全文点击 585 投稿时间：2021-06-07 修订日期：2021-06-16 |
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| 中文关键词 多氯联苯(PCBs) 洞庭湖 污染特征 风险评估 高分辨质谱法 |
| 英文关键词 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) Dongting Lake pollution characteristics risk assessment high-resolution mass spectrometry |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为全面了解洞庭湖水域多氯联苯（PCBs）的污染情况，采用同位素稀释-高分辨质谱法对洞庭湖及入湖河流共21处表层水进行了209种PCB同类物测定分析.结果表明，共检出50种PCB同类物，ρ（ΣPCBs）在0.077~10 ng·L-1之间，平均值为2.7 ng·L-1，中值为1.9 ng·L-1，污染浓度为：入湖河流 > 湖区 > 出口.与国内外研究相比，洞庭湖水域PCBs污染处于较低水平.表层水中主要污染物为二、三和四氯联苯，相对丰度分别为67%、14%和16%.PCB11、PCB17、PCB18、PCB20+33、PCB28、PCB47+75、PCB52和PCB68分布最为广泛，在超过80%的样品中均有检出.其中，ρ（PCB11）最高，平均值为1.6 ng·L-1，占ρ（ΣPCBs）的59%，来自于国产有机颜料生产过程中的无意排放.大气传输沉降和历史残留是水中PCBs主要来源.根据毒性当量因子法对研究区域生态毒性风险进行评估，结果显示水中TEQ远低于相关标准限值，表明洞庭湖及入湖河流表层水中PCBs污染不会对暴露生物体构成危害. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to fully understand the pollution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Dongting Lake, 209 PCB congeners were quantitatively detected and analyzed by isotope-dilution high-resolution mass spectrometry in 21 surface water sampling sites of Dongting Lake and the inflow rivers of the lake. The results showed that a total of 50 PCB congeners were detected in the study area. The ρ(ΣPCBs) ranged from 0.077 to 10 ng·L-1, with an average concentration of 2.7 ng·L-1 and a median concentration of 1.9 ng·L-1. The order of contamination concentrations were as follows:the inflow rivers of the lake > lake region > outlet. Compared with the reports of domestic and foreign studies, PCB pollution in Dongting Lake is at a low level. The main pollutants in the surface water were dichlorobiphenyls and tri- and tetrachlorobiphenyls, with relative abundances of 67%, 14%, and 16%, respectively. PCB11, PCB17, PCB18, PCB20+33, PCB28, PCB47+75, PCB52, and PCB68 were the most widely distributed and detected in more than 80% of samples. Among them, ρ(PCB11) was the highest, with an average concentration of 1.6 ng·L-1, accounting for 59% of ρ(ΣPCBs), from the domestic organic pigment production process of unintentional emissions. Atmospheric transport deposition and historical residue were the main sources of PCBs in water. According to the toxicity equivalent factor method, the ecological toxicity risk of the study area was evaluated, and the results showed that the TEQ in the water was far lower than the relevant standard limit, indicating that the pollution of PCBs in the surface water of Dongting Lake and the inflow rivers would not cause harm to exposed organisms. |
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