| 铜仁土壤-水稻重金属积累效应与安全种植区划 |
| 摘要点击 1835 全文点击 533 投稿时间：2021-04-26 修订日期：2021-05-14 |
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| 中文关键词 铜仁 重金属 积累效应 安全种植 区划 |
| 英文关键词 Tongren heavy metal accumulation effect safe planting regionalization |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 铜仁市有色金属矿业活动频繁，为了解贵州省铜仁地区土壤-水稻重金属积累与迁移转化状况，开展水稻安全种植区划，共采集水田土壤和相应稻米样品230组，并测试重金属和土壤理化性质等.通过单因子指数法对稻米样品进行评价，并结合土壤环境质量和食品污染物限量提出安全种植区划方法.结果表明：①水田土壤pH在4.4~7.9之间，ω（As）、ω（Cd）、ω（Cu）、ω（Hg）、ω（Ni）和ω（Zn）平均值分别为12.94、0.343、30.53、3.869、30.32和110.0 mg·kg-1，其中As、Cd、Hg和Zn与环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准中的筛选值相比，超标11.7%、10.9%、53.0%和3.04%.②稻米中ω（As）、ω（Cd）、ω（Cu）、ω（Hg）、ω（Ni）和ω（Zn）的表征值为0.056、0.017、1.445、0.010、0.215和17.59 mg·kg-1；与国家食品安全标准（GB 2762-2017）相比，稻米样品中As、Cd和Hg含量超标达15.7%、3.04%和19.1%.其As超标点位主要集中分布于松桃县，Hg主要分布于碧江和万山区.③稻米富集系数大小顺序为：Zn > Cd > Cu > Hg > As=Ni，稻米对于Zn的吸收富集能力最强.④研究区大部分区域均属于优先保护类，安全利用类集中分布在铜仁东部，严格管控类零星分布于碧江区、万山区和江口县等地.结果表明，铜仁市部分地区土壤存在重金属污染，同时水稻的安全种植也存在一定风险. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to understand the accumulation, migration, and transformation of heavy metals in soil and rice in Tongren, Guizhou Province, a total of 230 groups of paddy soil and corresponding rice samples were collected, and the physical and chemical properties of heavy metals and soil were tested. The rice samples were evaluated using the single-factor index method, and the safe planting zoning method was proposed in combination with soil environmental quality and food contaminant limits. The results showed that:① the average values of ω(As), ω(Cd), ω(Cu), ω(Hg), ω(Ni), and ω(Zn) in paddy soil were 12.94, 0.343, 30.53, 3.869, 30.32, and 110.0 mg·kg-1, respectively, when the pH was between 4.4 and 7.9. Among them, As, Cd, Hg, and Zn exceeded the standards of 11.7%, 10.9%, 53.0%, and 3.04% compared with the screening values in "Soil Pollution Risk Control Standards for Agricultural Land of Environmental Quality". ② The characterization values of ω(As), ω(Cd), ω(Cu), ω(Hg), ω(Ni), and ω(Zn) in rice were 0.056, 0.017, 1.445, 0.010, 0.215, and 17.59 mg·kg-1; compared with the national food safety standard (GB 2762-2017), the contents of As, Cd, and Hg in rice samples exceeded the standard by 15.7%, 3.04%, and 19.1%. As exceeded the standard point mainly distributed in Songtao County, and Hg was mainly distributed in Bijiang and Wanshan District. ③ The order of enrichment coefficient of rice was Zn > Cd > Cu > Hg > As=Ni, and the absorption and enrichment ability of rice for Zn was the strongest. ④ Most areas in the study area belong to the priority protection category. The safe utilization category is concentrated in the east of Tongren, whereas the strictly controlled category is scattered within Bijiang District, Wanshan District, and Jiangkou County. The study showed that there was heavy metal pollution in the soil in some areas of Tongren City, and the safe planting of rice also had certain risks. |
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