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山东省O3时空分布及影响因素分析
摘要点击 2408  全文点击 801  投稿时间:2021-02-04  修订日期:2021-05-17
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中文关键词  臭氧(O3)  污染特征  时空分布  气象因子  山东省
英文关键词  ozone (O3)  pollution characteristics  temporal and spatial distribution  meteorological factors  Shandong Province
作者单位E-mail
张淼 山东省生态环境监测中心, 济南 250101 zhangmiao@shandong.cn 
丁椿 中科三清科技有限公司, 北京 100029  
李彦 山东省生态环境监测中心, 济南 250101  
王桂霞 山东省生态环境监测中心, 济南 250101  
林晶晶 山东省生态环境监测中心, 济南 250101  
孟赫 山东省青岛生态环境监测中心, 青岛 266003  
许杨 山东省生态环境监测中心, 济南 250101 xuyang8659@163.com 
中文摘要
      为认识山东省环境空气中O3的污染现状,基于2015~2019年国省控环境空气自动监测站的O3监测数据、2019~2020年4~9月气象代表站的气象数据及邻近环境空气站的O3监测数据,探究了山东省O3时空分布特征及与气象因素的关系.结果表明,山东省O3污染日益突出,年均ρ(O3-8h)(90百分位)和ρ(Ox)(O3与NO2之和)升高速率分别为7.6 μg·(m3·a)-1和7.0 μg·(m3·a)-1,年均ρ(PM2.5)、ρ(CO)(95百分位数)和ρ(NO2)均逐步下降,下降速率均小于ρ(O3)上升速率.O3污染呈现夏季高冬季低的"M型"或"倒V型"月变化特征,在6月或9月达到峰值,且污染月呈提前出现趋势.山东省年均ρ(O3-8h)(90百分位)呈现"内陆高,沿海低"的特点,并有区域均匀性发展趋势.相关性分析表明,山东省ρ(O3-8h)总体与日最高温度呈正相关,与相对湿度、气压和风速呈负相关,其中日最高温度和相对湿度是O3-8h主控气象因子,气象因素对不同城市O3-8h超标率的影响具有显著差异.
英文摘要
      Surface ozone pollution has emerged as a severe problem in China during the past several years, especially in Shandong Province. This study analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution of ρ(surface ozone,O3) concentration in Shandong Province and its relationship with meteorological factors, such as air temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, wind direction, and wind speed. Concentrations of PM2.5 and air pollutants from 2015 to 2019 were collected from the national and provincial ambient air monitoring network. Meteorological data from April to September 2019 to 2020 were also collected from the meteorological representative stations. The results showed that the ozone pollution in Shandong Province became increasingly serious in recent years. The annual concentration growth rate of ρ(O3-8h) (90th percentile) and ρ(Ox) (sum of ozone and NO2) were 7.6 μg·(m3·a)-1 and 7.0 μg·(m3·a)-1, respectively. The annual concentrations of PM2.5 and ozone precursors (CO and NO2) were gradually decreasing, and those decreasing rates were smaller than the growth rate of annual ρ(O3-8h) (90th percentile). The variation pattern of monthly ρ(O3) concentrations were shown to be "M-type" or "inverted V-type". The monthly ρ(O3-8h)(90th percentile) was higher in summer and lower in winter. The monthly peaks in ρ(O3-8h)(90th percentile) were found in June and September. Moreover, the occurrence of ozone-polluted days was a trend in advance. The spatial distribution of ozone concentration in Shandong Province was characterized as higher in the inland cities and lower in the coastal cities, and there was a trend of regional uniformity. Correlation analysis results showed that the concentration of ρ(O3) in Shandong Province was positively correlated with the maximum daily temperature and negatively related to the relative humidity, air pressure, and wind speed. The daily maximum temperature and relative humidity were the main meteorological factors. Additionally, the impact of meteorological factors on O3 over the standard rate showed significant differences in different cities.

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