| 基于16S rRNA高通量测序的北运河水体及沉积物微生物群落组成对比分析 |
| 摘要点击 2215 全文点击 613 投稿时间：2021-04-13 修订日期：2021-05-06 |
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| 中文关键词 微生物 水体 沉积物 多样性 群落结构 LEfSe组间差异 |
| 英文关键词 microbiology water sediment diversity community structure linear discriminant analysis of effect size |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 微生物群落在沉积物和水生态系统中的物质循环中发挥重要作用，是水生态系统与沉积物之间污染物质交换的桥梁.但非常规补给水源扰动和闸坝、衬砌截流为主的城市河道水体和沉积物微生物对比研究并不多见，基于此以高度人工化的北运河京津冀段为研究区域，尝试利用高通量测序结果对水体和沉积物微生物群落组成差异进行分析.结果表明，北运河沉积物较水体具有更高的微生物群落α多样性，β多样性则表现为水体中微生物群落较沉积物群落的相似性更高.变形杆菌门（Proteobacteria）丰度在水体与沉积物中无显著差异，且在两种生境条件下均为优势类群.α变形杆菌纲（α-Proteobacteria）、放线杆菌门（Actinobacteria）、蓝藻门（Cyanobacteria）和疣微菌门（Verrucomicrobia）在水体中的丰度较高，而γ变形杆菌纲（γ-Proteobacteria）、δ变形杆菌纲（δ-Proteobacteria）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）则在沉积物中有着更高丰度.好氧或兼性厌氧菌为主的水体类群和厌氧菌为主的沉积物类群体现出两者生境差异，沉积物中蕴含的病原菌存在二次释放到水体中的危险.研究结果为揭示高度人工化的、非常规补给水源补充下的和城市河道污染胁迫下的微生物群落变化机制提供科学依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| As the bridge of pollutant exchange between sediments and aquatic ecosystems, microorganisms play an important role in material circulation. However, there are few comparative studies of microorganisms in water and sediment of urban rivers with unconventional water supply, sluice dam, and lining closure. The highly artificial area of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei section of the North Canal was chosen for this study. We analyze the differences of microbial community composition in water and sediment using high-throughput sequencing. The results show that the microbial communities in the sediments of the North Canal have higher α-diversity than those in the water. With regards to β-diversity, the similarity of microbial communities in the water is higher than that in the sediment. There is no significant difference in the abundance of Proteobacteria between water and sediments. The abundance of α-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia was higher in water than that of sediment, while the abundance of γ-Proteobacteria, δ-Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Acidobacteria was higher in sediments than that of water. Aerobic or facultative anaerobes dominated the microbial aquatic system, while anaerobes dominated the sediments. The risk of bacteria releasing pathogens from the sediment into the water habitat is high. The research results provide a scientific basis for revealing the mechanism of microbial community change under river pollution risk in highly artificial reclaimed water. |
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