| 来利山锡尾矿区优势植物调查与生态修复潜力分析 |
| 摘要点击 6966 全文点击 1099 投稿时间：2020-09-01 修订日期：2021-01-23 |
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| 中文关键词 锡尾矿废弃地 本土植物 筛选 重金属 转运与富集 |
| 英文关键词 tin tailings wasteland native plants select heavy metals transport and enrichment |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 秦芙蓉 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201 | 809784674@qq.com | | 张仕颖 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201
云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程实验室, 昆明 650201 | | | 夏运生 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201
云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程实验室, 昆明 650201 | yshengxia@163.com | | 张乃明 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201
云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程实验室, 昆明 650201 | | | 吴程龙 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201 | | | 何忠俊 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201 | | | 岳献荣 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201 | | | 田森林 | 昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 昆明 650500 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了筛选用于锡矿区生态恢复的优势植物，对云南来利山锡尾矿废弃地进行实地调查，记录并采集了15种优势植物样本及相应根际土壤.测定其铜（Cu）、镉（Cd）、砷（As）、镍（Ni）、铅（Pb）和锡（Sn）含量，计算这15种植物对6种重金属的转移和富集系数，同时测定分析了植物根系菌根侵染率及根际土壤的化学性质，综合评估本土植物的应用潜力.结果表明，废弃地土壤pH均值为3.13，呈强酸性；有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮和有效磷均值分别为6.07 g·kg-1、5.74 g·kg-1、0.62 g·kg-1、8.66 g·kg-1、30.84 mg·kg-1和2.08 mg·kg-1，养分较贫瘠；土壤Cu、Cd、Ni、Pb、As和Sn含量均值分别为347.40、1.02、1.34、168.47、25.81和2299.02 mg·kg-1，其中Cd的含量已达到三级污染警戒值，Cu和Pb含量大且空间分布差异大，呈现Cu、Pb和Cd复合污染的风险.此外，木犀榄（Olea europaea L.）和柃木（Eurya japonica Thunb.）根系的菌根侵染率相对较高，桤木（Alnus cremastogyne Burk.）、小丝琴竹［Bambusa multiplex （Lour.） Raeusch.ex Schult.‘Alphonse-Kar’ R.A.Young］、灯心草（Juncus effusus L.）和莎草（Cyperus rotundus L.）等对重金属有较强的吸收和转运能力，其余植物也适应锡尾矿废弃地的生长环境，具有修复该矿区的潜在价值. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To investigate the dominant plants in ecological restoration of tin mining areas, field investigations were conducted in a tin tailings area in Lailishan, Yunnan Provence, and 15 dominant plants and corresponding rhizosphere soils were collected. The plant root mycorrhizal infection rate; the copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and tin (Sn) contents; and the chemical properties of the rhizosphere tailings were determined. The transfer and enrichment coefficients of six heavy metals were calculated for each of the 15 plants to comprehensively evaluate the application potential of native plants. The rhizophere tailings had an average pH value of 3.13, which was acidic. The organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen, and available phosphorus content of the soils was 6.07 g ·kg-1, 5.74 g ·kg-1, 0.62 g ·kg-1, 8.66 g ·kg-1, 30.84 mg ·kg-1, and 2.08 mg ·kg-1 respectively, indicating relatively nutrient-poor soil. The average Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb, As, and Sn contents of the soils were 347.40, 1.02, 1.34, 168.47, 25.81, and 2299.02 mg ·kg-1, respectively. Among the heavy metals, the Cd content reached a third-level pollution warning value. The soil also contained a large amount of Cu and Pb which exhibited a different spatial distribution. This area appears to have a high risk of Cu, Pb, and Cd pollution. In addition, the roots of Olea europaea L. and Eurya japonica Thunb. had a high rate of mycorrhizal infection. Alnus cremastogyne Burk., Bambusa multiplex (Lour.) Raeusch. ex Schult. ‘Alphonse-Kar’ R. A. Young, Juncus effusus L., and Cyperus rotundus L. var. had a strong ability to absorb and transport heavy metals. The other plants were also adapted to the growth environment of the tin tailings, with the potential to restore the mining area. |
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