| 三亚河沉积物PAHs和PCBs的分布、来源及风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 3741 全文点击 1129 投稿时间：2020-08-26 修订日期：2020-10-09 |
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| 中文关键词 沉积物 三亚河 多环芳烃(PAHs) 多氯联苯(PCBs) 污染特征 风险评价 |
| 英文关键词 sediment Sanya River polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) residual characteristics risk assessment |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 多环芳烃（PAHs）和多氯联苯（PCBs）具有"三致"特性和生物累积效应，作为两类典型持久性有机污染物，是环境领域的研究热点之一.本研究考察了三亚河底泥沉积物中PAHs和PCBs的含量分布和污染状况，在对其进行空间污染分布分析的基础上进行来源解析，并采用沉积物质量基准法和质量标准法进行生态风险评价.结果表明，沉积物中总PAHs和总PCBs含量范围分别为265.00~6735.00 μg·kg-1和1.75~92.75 μg·kg-1，含量相对较高河段分别为西河上游和东河上游，与研究区域的工业分布和河流走势有较强的相关性.组成及来源解析表明，PAHs以低环芳烃为主，主要来源于石油燃烧污染；PCBs以七氯联苯和六氯联苯为主，主要来源于电容器中PCBs的迁移.生态风险评价结果表明，整体上三亚河沉积物中PAHs生物毒副作用不明显，生态风险较低，但个别采样点PAHs单体超标严重，对生物体暴露会产生严重威胁，需引起重视；PCBs生物毒性效应概率为10%~50%，偶尔会产生负面生态效应. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), two typical persistent organic pollutants, are the research focus due to their mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, teratogenesis, and bioaccumulation. The content distribution and residual characteristics of PAHs and PCBs were investigated in the sediments from the Sanya River. Source apportionment was further explored based on the analysis of the spatial distribution, and the ecological risk evaluation was carried out with the sediment quality criteria and standards. The results indicate that the content of ΣPAHs and ΣPCBs in the sediment range from 265.00 μg·kg-1 to 6735.00 μg·kg-1 and 1.75 μg·kg-1 to 92.75 μg·kg-1, with relatively high contents in the east and west river upstream, respectively, which had a strong correlation with the industrial structure and river movement of the study area. The composition and source apportionment demonstrate that PAHs originated mostly from the combustion of petroleum with low PAHs, and haxa-CB and hepta-CB are the predominant PCBs congeners, primarily resulting from the migration of PCBs in the capacitor. The ecological risk evaluation demonstrates that the biotoxic effect of the PAHs is not obvious, with a low ecological risk. However, several PAHs monomers exceeded the standard significantly in some sampling sites, which should be of concern due to its serious threat of exposure to organisms. The probability of a biotoxic effect of PCBs is 10%-50%, which occasionally produces a negative ecological effect. |
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