| 丹江口水库及其入库支流水体中微塑料组成与分布特征 |
| 摘要点击 2791 全文点击 879 投稿时间：2020-06-11 修订日期：2020-08-27 |
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| 中文关键词 丹江口水库 微塑料 表层水体 入库支流 分布特征 |
| 英文关键词 Danjiangkou Reservoir microplastics surface water tributaries distribution |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 潘雄 | 长江科学院流域水环境研究所, 武汉 430010
长江科学院流域水资源与生态环境科学湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430010 | panxiong@mail.crsri.cn | | 林莉 | 长江科学院流域水环境研究所, 武汉 430010
长江科学院流域水资源与生态环境科学湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430010 | linli1229@hotmail.com | | 张胜 | 长江科学院流域水环境研究所, 武汉 430010
长江科学院流域水资源与生态环境科学湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430010 | | | 翟文亮 | 长江科学院流域水环境研究所, 武汉 430010
长江科学院流域水资源与生态环境科学湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430010 | | | 陶晶祥 | 长江科学院流域水环境研究所, 武汉 430010
长江科学院流域水资源与生态环境科学湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430010 | | | 李丹文 | 长江科学院流域水环境研究所, 武汉 430010
华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 武汉 430074 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 微塑料污染是当前环境科学关注的研究热点.为探究国家一级水源保护区丹江口水库中微塑料的赋存状况，以水库及其入库支流表层水体为对象，于2019年丰水期进行采样调查分析，研究该区域的微塑料丰度、形状和类型，并结合丹江口水库的水文水动力条件揭示其微塑料空间分布特征.结果表明，丹江口水库水体中微塑料颜色各异，主要形状有颗粒、碎片、薄膜以及纤维类这4类，其中碎片类占比为84.2%，棕色和透明微塑料最为常见，而不同形状微塑料丰度空间分布差异明显；丰水期，水库库区微塑料平均丰度7248 n·m-3，丹库的微塑料含量显著高于汉库；库区与支流中微塑料粒径大小主要在75~4703 μm之间，微塑料丰度随粒径的增加而下降，其中73.4%的微塑料粒径在500 μm以下；就微塑料材质而言，尼龙在丹江口水库中最普遍，数量比例为36.4%；其次是聚乙烯（PE）和聚丙烯（PP）等. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Microplastic pollution is a hot topic in environmental science. To explore the microplastics in Danjiangkou Reservoir, a national first-class water source protection area, we studied their types, abundance, and material characteristics using density flotation and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The spatial distribution characteristics of microplastics were also revealed according to the hydrologic and hydrodynamic conditions of the reservoir. The results showed that the main types of microplastics were fragments (84.2% of the total), granules, films, and fibers, of which 84.2% were fragments. The numbers of each type of microplastic were significantly different in different areas. A variety of colors were observed, with transparent and brown microplastic being most common. During the wet season, the average abundance of microplastics in the reservoir was 7248 n·m-3, which is higher than that observed in the Han Reservoir. The particle sizes of the microplastics in the research area ranged 75-4703 μm, of which 73.4% had a particle size of less than 500 μm; microplastic abundance was inversely related to particle size. Nylon was the most common form of microplastic in Danjiangkou Reservoir, accounting for 36.4% of the total, followed by polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). |
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