| 铬污染对土壤细菌群落结构及其构建机制的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2503 全文点击 784 投稿时间：2020-10-27 修订日期：2020-11-29 |
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| 中文关键词 铬污染 细菌群落 高通量测序 群落结构 群落构建 |
| 英文关键词 chromium pollution bacterial community high throughput sequencing community structure assembly processes |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 随着工业的快速发展铬（Cr）已经成为我国主要的土壤重金属污染物之一，严重地影响了土壤生态环境以及居民的身体健康.本研究以河北省某制革工厂污泥堆周边污染土壤为研究对象，采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术对不同污染程度土壤样品中的细菌群落结构及其群落构建机制进行分析.结果表明，铬污染显著地影响了土壤理化性质以及微生物群落.不同铬污染程度的土壤样品中，细菌群落结构与组成差异显著.高浓度的铬污染能降低土壤细菌群落的α多样性.铬污染土壤样品中的细菌共分为55个门，其中变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）和厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）为优势菌门（相对丰度>5%）.铬污染土壤中，细菌群落在构建过程中以决定性过程为主，随机性比例随着铬含量的升高而降低，并且均为同质性选择过程.土壤中总铬含量、含水率、pH、有机质与细菌群落显著（P<0.05）相关，是影响细菌群落结构的主要驱动因子. |
| 英文摘要 |
| With the rapid development of industry, chromium (Cr) has become one of the main soil heavy metal pollutants in China, seriously affecting the soil ecological environment and health of residents. In this study, contaminated soil samples were taken around the tannery sludge yard area in Heibei Province. The Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to analyze the structure and assembly processes of soil bacterial communities at different pollution levels. Results showed that chromium pollution significantly influences soil properties and soil bacterial communities. The composition and structure of bacterial communities were significantly shifted at different pollution levels. Furthermore, the α diversity of bacterial communities may decrease with relatively high concentrations of chromium. Bacterial communities in chromium polluted soil can be divided into 55 phyla, where Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Firmicutes are the dominant phyla (relative abundance>5%). Moreover, the soil bacterial communities were dominated by the deterministic assembly process (homogeneous selection) and the stochastic ratios decreased with increases in the concentration of chromium in soil. The total concentration of chromium, soil moisture, pH, and organic matter were significantly correlated (P<0.05) with the bacterial communities. Therefore, these soil properties might be the driving factors affecting the structure of bacterial communities. |
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