| 近20年中国表层土壤中多环芳烃时空分布特征及源解析 |
| 摘要点击 3073 全文点击 868 投稿时间：2020-10-26 修订日期：2020-12-03 |
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| 中文关键词 表层土壤 多环芳烃(PAHs) 污染水平 时空分布 源解析 |
| 英文关键词 surface soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) pollution level temporal and spatial distribution source analysis |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 随着中国经济社会的快速发展，表层土壤多环芳烃（polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons，PAHs）污染问题受到了全社会的高度关注.本研究通过搜集2000~2020年间有关我国表层土壤PAHs污染的相关研究，并对筛选得到的166篇文献采样数据综合运用统计学、空间插值分析和污染物特征比值源解析方法，定量分析了我国表层土壤PAHs污染水平、时间变化特征、空间分布特征以及来源特征.结果表明，我国表层土壤普遍存在人为因素的PAHs污染，其含量中位值为675.70 μg·kg-1，总体情况良好但部分采样点位污染情况较为严重，单体含量中荧蒽（Fla）和芘（Pyr）含量较高，而苊烯（Acy）和二氢苊（Ace）含量较低；调查时段中，表层土壤PAHs含量数据大体稳定在313.10~1070.45 μg·kg-1的中度污染水平范围内，其年度变化受石油生产与消费的影响相对较小，且不存在明显波动；统计学以及空间插值结果表明，我国表层土壤PAHs污染存在明显区域特征，地区含量从西北、华北、华东、东北、西南和中南依次递减，多数省份的PAHs污染水平处于"中度污染"或"轻度污染"；源解析结果表明，我国大部分地区表层土壤PAHs污染来源于石油、生物质和煤等化石燃料的高温燃烧，但黑龙江以及新疆、西藏等西北地区主要表现为石油源污染.本研究对我国土壤环境管理和PAHs污染治理工作开展有一定参考价值. |
| 英文摘要 |
| With the rapid development of China's economy and society, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollution of surface soil has attracted increasing attention. Based on a systematic review, this study identified 166 relevant papers (published from 2000 to 2020) dealing with the contamination of 16 PAHs in the surface soil of China and summarized the pollution level, temporal, and spatial distribution influencing factors of PAHs with statistics, spatial interpolation analysis, and source analysis methods. The results showed that the surface soil of China has been polluted by human-caused PAHs, with a median concentration of 675.70 μg·kg-1. Although the overall condition is good, some sampling points have been seriously polluted. Among the monomers of PAHs, the concentrations of fluoranthene (Fla) and pyrene (Pyr) are high, while acenaphthylene (Acy) and acenaphthene (Ace) are relatively low. During the survey period, the concentration data of surface soil PAHs are generally within the moderate pollution levels of 313.10-1070.45 μg·kg-1, while the annual changes of PAHs do not show obvious fluctuations and are less affected by oil production and consumption. Statistics and spatial interpolation results show that PAH pollution in the surface soil of China has regional characteristics, where the concentration decreases in order from northwest, north, east, northeast, southwest, and south-central China. The pollution level in most provinces is "contaminated" or "weakly contaminated." From the source analysis results, PAH pollution in surface soils in most areas of China comes from the high-temperature combustion of fossil fuels such as petroleum, biomass, and coal. Heilongjiang and some northwestern regions (e.g., Xinjiang and Tibet) were mainly represented by oil source pollution. Such results could provide a reference for soil environmental management and PAH pollution control in China. |
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