| 多孔填料特性对生物膜形成影响 |
| 摘要点击 1724 全文点击 567 投稿时间：2019-12-26 修订日期：2020-02-25 |
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| 中文关键词 填料 理化特性 生物量 脱氢酶活性 冗余分析(RDA) |
| 英文关键词 filler physical and chemical properties biomass dehydrogenase activity redundancy analysis (RDA) |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 多孔填料是曝气生物滤池（BAF）的重要构成部分，是影响BAF污水处理效果的关键.目前填料种类繁多，但其表面理化特性对生物膜形成的影响规律并不清楚，如何比选最佳生物填料一直是BAF工程应用的难题.通过研究BAF常用的几种多孔生物填料本身的物化特性，考察其物化特性与填料上生物膜的生物附着量及酶活性之间的相关性.结果表明，海绵填料虽然易吸附污泥，但是易堵塞，整体生物膜活性不高；立体空心填料虽然表面吸附的生物量较低，但是比表面积大，表面附着生长的生物膜活性较强；陶粒因具有良好的亲水性和较高的表面粗糙度，且Zeta电位最正，易于微生物附着生长，污泥附着性能最强，且生物膜活性最好.通过冗余分析（RDA）分析可知，影响填料表面生物量的主要因素是Zeta电位；影响填料表面污泥活性的主要因素是空隙率.通过6组反应器对NH4+-N的去除负荷可知，陶粒对NH4+-N的去除负荷最大，为68 g·（m3·d）-1，火山岩次之，为67 g·（m3·d）-1.综合上述因素比选出，陶粒最适合作为BAF的填料. |
| 英文摘要 |
| As an important part of biological aerated filters (BAFs), porous fillers are key to the effectiveness of BAF wastewater treatment. At present, there are many types of fillers, but the influence of the surface physical and chemical properties on biofilm formation is unclear, and how to compare and select the best biological filler remains a difficult problem in BAF engineering applications. In this study, the physical and chemical characteristics of several porous biological fillers that are commonly used in BAFs were studied, and the correlation between their physical/chemical properties and the biofilm attachment and enzyme activity of the biofilm on the filler was investigated. The results showed that the sponge filler could easily absorb sludge, but also clogged easily and the overall biofilm activity was not high. The three-dimensional hollow filler had a low surface-adsorbed biomass, but the specific surface area was large and the surface attachment growth biofilm activity was relatively strong. Ceramsite had a good hydrophilicity and high surface roughness, and the zeta potential was the most positive. Moreover, microorganisms easily attached and grew, it had the strongest sludge adhesion performance, and the best biofilm activity. According to a redundancy analysis (RDA), the main factor affecting the biomass on the surface of the fillers was the zeta potential, whereas the main factors affecting the surface sludge activity of the fillers was the clearance rate. According to the removal load of NH4+-N by six groups of reactors, the removal load of NH4+-N by ceramsite was the largest [68 g·(m3·d)-1], and was followed by volcanic rocks [67 g·(m3·d)-1]. Combined with the above factors, ceramsite was determined to be the most suitable filler for BAF. |
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