| 首都重大活动与空气重污染应急减排措施效果对比分析 |
| 摘要点击 3468 全文点击 939 投稿时间：2019-10-22 修订日期：2020-02-21 |
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| 中文关键词 PM2.5 阅兵 红色预警 WRF-CAMx模型 减排效果 |
| 英文关键词 PM2.5 parade red alerts WRF-CAMx model emission reduction effect |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 钟嶷盛 | 北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院, 区域大气复合污染防治北京市重点实验室, 北京 100124 | zhongyisheng@bjut.edu.cn | | 周颖 | 北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院, 区域大气复合污染防治北京市重点实验室, 北京 100124 | | | 程水源 | 北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院, 区域大气复合污染防治北京市重点实验室, 北京 100124 | chengsy@bjut.edu.cn | | 王晓琦 | 北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院, 区域大气复合污染防治北京市重点实验室, 北京 100124 | | | 邵玄逸 | 北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院, 区域大气复合污染防治北京市重点实验室, 北京 100124 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以2015年"9·3"阅兵活动及同年冬季两次空气重污染红色预警为例，针对气象要素及污染物浓度变化特征进行对比分析，对不同减排措施下污染物减排比例估算，并利用WRF-CAMx模型，对减排带来的PM2.5污染改善效果进行了定量评估与对比分析.结果表明，阅兵期间（8月20日至9月4日）PM2.5日均浓度（19.0 μg·m-3）分别比阅兵前（8月15～19日）和阅兵后（9月5～15日）日均浓度降低了60.0%和48.0%，第一次红色预警期间PM2.5日均浓度（232.3 μg·m-3）高于第二次红警（216.6 μg·m-3），第二次启动重污染红色预警之前的空气质量好于第一次红警.阅兵期间北京及周边省市污染物减排比例普遍大于红警期间，为保障"阅兵蓝"的实现提供了人为可控的有利条件."9·3"阅兵、北京首次及第二次红色预警期间采取污染物应急减排措施情况下，北京PM2.5浓度分别平均降低了32.4%、17.1%和22.0%.阅兵期间与红色预警相比，PM2.5浓度降低比例较高，归因于更大力度的区域污染物协同减排以及阅兵期间易于污染物扩散的气象条件.污染减排力度、应急控制措施实施时机以及气象条件是可能影响应急污染控制措施污染改善效果的重要因素. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Taking the "9.3" military parade in 2015 and two red alerts of heavy air pollution in December of the same year as examples, the characteristics of meteorological factors and pollutant concentration variation were compared. Based on the estimation of pollutant emission reduction under different periods, the WRF-CAMx model was used to evaluate the effect of PM2.5 pollution improvement. The results showed that the daily average PM2.5 concentration (19.0 μg·m-3) during the parade (from August 20 to September 4) decreased by 60.0% and 48.0%, respectively, in comparison to that before (August 15-19) and after (September 5-15) the parade. The daily average PM2.5 concentration (232.3 μg·m-3) during the first red alert period was higher than that of the second red alert (216.6 μg·m-3). The air quality before the second red alert was better than that before the first red alert. The proportion of emission reduction during the parade was generally larger than that during the red alert periods, which provided a controllable and favorable condition for the realization of the "Parade Blue". The PM2.5 concentration in Beijing decreased by 32.4%, 17.1%, and 22.0% under the control measures during the periods of the "9.3" parade, the first red alert, and second red alert, respectively. The higher proportion of PM2.5 concentration reduction could be attributed to the more intensive regional emission reduction and the favorable meteorological conditions. The intensity of the pollution reduction, the timing of the implementation of emergency control measures, and meteorological conditions were the most important factors that may have influenced the improvement of pollution. |
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